Comparative embryological study on the molecular function of organizing centers in animal development

动物发育组织中心分子功能的比较胚胎学研究

基本信息

批准号：
08308039
负责人：
YASUGI Sadao
金额：
$ 16.9万
依托单位：
TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The aim of this research group is to analyze from the view point of comparative embryology the molecular mechanims of the oraganizing center in deuterostome animals which plays important roles in determination of body axis and construction of body organization. Organizing center of each animal group has specific molecular action but, by the evolutionary constraints, ratains functionally and morphologically homologous domains. the main results obtained during 3 years can be summarized as follows :1. The method to identify determinants in starfish was established. It will contribute much to the understanding of the molecular nature of organizing center in the echinoderms. Also genetic analysis of binding protein to exogastrulation- inducing peptide and of genes expressed spcifically in the micromeres which work as the organizing center was carried out.2. As to the ascidinas, almost all aspects of mesoderm differentiation were elucidated. With using the antibody which recognizes the diffe … More rentiated state of the mesenchymal cells, the autonomy and determinants involved in the mesenchymal differentiation were analyzed. The analysis led to the conclusion that the differentiation of mesenchyme was reglutated both by determinants and cell-to-cell interactions. This study clearly demonstrated that there exists organizing center also in the ascidian embryos which develop with mosaic pattern.3. The notion of organizing center in the fish and amphibians has been rather different so far. However, the study in this research group, especially on fish, showed that many genes are working in common between these two groups of vertebrates. Espcially, the organizing center of zebrafish was located to yolk syncythial cells, by elaborated experimental manipulations.4. In the birds and mammals, the organizing center is the node. Cells differentiate into layers after going through this part of embryos. This process was precisely analyzed in the bird, while the formation and function of notochord in mammal was studied with T/t complex mutants. These studies made it possible to compare the organizing center of the higher vertebrates and that of other animal groups. Less

本课题组的目的是从比较胚胎学的角度分析后口动物的组织中心的分子机制，该组织中心在身体轴的确定和身体组织的构建中发挥着重要作用，各动物类群的组织中心具有特定的分子机制。但受进化限制，三年来取得的主要成果可概括如下：1．建立了海星决定因素的鉴定方法。还对棘皮动物组织中心的分子性质进行了遗传分析，对外原肠胚形成诱导肽的结合蛋白和作为组织中心的微球中特异表达的基因进行了遗传分析。2．通过使用识别间充质细胞不同状态的抗体，中胚层分化的几乎所有方面都得到了阐明，间充质分化中涉及的自主性和决定因素。分析得出的结论是，间充质的分化受到决定因素和细胞间相互作用的调节。本研究清楚地表明，以嵌合形式发育的海鞘胚胎中也存在组织中心。到目前为止，鱼类和两栖动物的组织中心有很大不同，但是，该研究小组的研究，特别是对鱼类的研究表明，这两组脊椎动物之间有许多共同的基因。通过精心的实验操作，斑马鱼的组织中心位于卵黄合胞体细胞。4．在鸟类和哺乳动物中，细胞在经历这部分胚胎后分化成层。鸟类，而哺乳动物脊索的形成和功能则通过 T/t 复合体突变体进行了研究，这些研究使得比较高等脊椎动物和其他动物群体的组织中心成为可能。