National Minorities in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, and the Post-Cold War European Security System

东欧和巴尔干地区的少数民族与冷战后的欧洲安全体系

基本信息

批准号：
16530110
负责人：
MUTSUSHIKA Shigeo
金额：
$ 2.31万
依托单位：
University of Shizuoka
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16530110/
关键词：
Eastern Europe Balkans national minority issues Geopolitics of 'between the Powers national minority guarantee system European security system conditionality effects of the EU NATO enlargement humanitarian intervention コソヴォ凍結された紛争ボ

项目摘要

This research project made it clear why and how the national minority problems appeared in the Eastern Europe and the Balkans, and how the European international community has tackled with this issue. The main results of this research are as follows. 1. The geopolitical element such as "between the powers" was one of the most influential reasons, which caused national minority issues in this region. 2. More concretely, the discrepancy between the territorial borderlines drawn after the First World War and real ethno-linguistic distribution in this region caused problems of national minority there. 3. The League of Nations System of minority guarantees was founded after the First World War in order to resolve the serious national minority issues, but the principle of sovereignty and the fragile Versailles system made it fail to accomplish its own responsibilities. 4. National minority issues there reappeared after the end of the Cold War, but all of them did not risk military conflicts like the cases of the Russian and the Hungarian minority issues in the Baltic and Central Europe respectively. 5. The post-Cold War European security system was created through the European international politics around the ethnic conflicts in the former Yugoslavia, and it contributed to the relative stability in Europe. This system has five characteristics: (1) the value, which considers national minority issues as an European significant security matter, and integral principle of "territorial integrity" and "respects for national minority rights" (2) institutionalization of mutual complimentary European security system composed of OSCE, Council of Europe, EU and NATO, (3) the effects of conditionality on the East European states for their accession to the EU and the NATO, (4) introduction of the concept of 'humanitarian intervention' and the enforcement by the NATO, (5) international cooperation system of the European international organizations for the post-conflict reconstruction.

该研究项目明确了为什么在东欧和巴尔干地区出现国家少数群体问题，以及欧洲国际社会如何解决这个问题。这项研究的主要结果如下。 1。地缘政治要素，例如“权力之间”是最有影响力的原因之一，这引起了该地区的全国少数群体问题。 2。更具体地说，在第一次世界大战之后绘制的领土边界与该地区真正的民族语言分布之间的差异造成了那里的国民少数民族问题。 3。少数民族保证的联盟制度是在第一次世界大战后建立的，目的是解决严重的少数民族问题，但是主权和脆弱的凡尔赛系统的原则使其无法实现自己的职责。 4.冷战结束后，那里的国家少数派问题再次出现，但所有这些问题都没有冒着军事冲突的危险，例如俄罗斯和波罗的海和中欧的俄罗斯案件和匈牙利少数群体问题。 5。欧洲战争后的欧洲安全制度是通过欧洲国际政治围绕着前南斯拉夫的种族冲突而创建的，并促进了欧洲的相对稳定。该系统具有五个特征：（1）将国家少数派问题视为欧洲重要的安全问题，以及“领土完整性”和“对国家少数民族权利的尊重”的整体原则（2）欧洲委员会，欧盟，欧盟和北约委员会对东方国家的影响的欧洲委员会的相互互补安全系统的制度化，（3）其对东欧洲国家的影响，（3）e ant oft and of the e Eastion and eu and eu eu and eu and eu and eu eu and eu eu and eu and eu and eu and eu and eu ant eu ant eu ant eu and eu and eu ant eu（eu）。北约的“人道主义干预”以及欧洲国际冲突后重建组织国际合作制度的执法。