Changes in Consumption Pattern and the Growth of Small-Scale and Traditional Industries in India : 1860-1950

印度消费模式的变化与小型传统工业的增长：1860-1950

• 批准号: 16330063
• 负责人: YANAGISAWA Haruka
• 金额: $ 4.8万
• 依托单位: Chiba University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16330063/
• 关键词: India; economic history; social history; consumption; social change; income; small-scale industries; traditional industries; 国際研究者交流; アメリカ:インド:イギリス; インド:アメリカ; インド:アメリカ合衆国

1. The project organized an international workshop titled "Toward a History of Consumption in South Asia : 1850-1950" at Pune, India in December 2005, where 16 scholars from five countries presented their papers. These papers will be published by a leading academic publisher in India.2. The main findings the project has made are :(1) In India, consumption patterns had differed by community and class. These traditional patterns changed since the end of the 19th century. The changes were not simply towards westernization but also towards reviving and creating a part of "traditional" customs.(2) The changes in consumption patterns were influenced by transformations in social structure. The emancipation of lower classes in rural and urban societies led them to diversify their consumption items and partly to adopt consumption patterns that had been traditionally considered upper classes' customs.(3) The most people in urban as well as rural India expanded their consumption of cheap varieties of modern factory products like hosiery goods and matches.(4) Artisans in traditional industries generally adopted new machines and technologies, as well as organized themselves into a new system of production in which merchants could quickly communicate market information and new designs to artisans. Thus adapting themselves to the new environment, these so-called traditional industries could start a new development catering to newly created demands.(5) The inter-war period witnessed an increase in wage level of agricultural laborers except for Bengal etc.(6) These changes towards new patterns of consumption among common people were stimulated by India's trades with Asian countries as exemplified by imports of textiles and other miscellaneous goods from Japan and China and of rice from Burma rather than by imports from Europe. Peoples in Asia seem, to some extent, to share a common pattern of changes in their consumption customs.

1。该项目于2005年12月在印度浦那举行了一个国际研讨会，标题为“迈向南亚消费史：1850- 1950年”，来自五个国家的16名学者发表了论文。这些论文将由印度领先的学术出版商发表。2。该项目提出的主要发现是：（1）在印度，消费模式因社区和阶级而有所不同。自19世纪末以来，这些传统模式发生了变化。这些变化不仅是朝着西方化的，还倾向于恢复和创建“传统”习俗的一部分。（2）消费模式的变化受社会结构转变的影响。农村和城市社会中下层阶级的解放导致他们多样化的消费物品，部分地采用了传统上被视为上层阶级习俗的消费模式。（3）城市中最多的人以及印度农村地区扩大了他们的消费。 （4）传统行业的工匠通常采用新的机器和技术，并将自己组织成新的生产系统，商人可以快速将市场信息和新设计与工匠传达新的生产系统。因此，这些所谓的传统行业可以适应新的环境，可以开始迎合新创造的需求的新发展。（5）战争期间目睹了农业劳动者工资水平的提高，但孟加拉以外的等等（6）印度与亚洲国家的贸易激发了普通民众新消费方式的这些变化，这是由纺织品和来自日本和中国的其他其他商品进口的例子，而不是缅甸的大米，而不是从欧洲进口。在某种程度上，亚洲的人民似乎分享消费习俗的共同变化模式。

项目成果

小規模工業・企業の展開と消費構造の変化 : 1920年~1950年のインド

小规模工业企业的发展与消费结构的变化：1920年至1950年的印度

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: 千葉大学経済研究 第19巻第3号
• 作者: 山室建徳;石上英一;吉岡 道子;Takashi Oishi;大石高志;井坂理穂;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;Takashi Oishi;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;柳澤 悠;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Riho Isaka;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;Riho Isaka;井坂 理穂;井坂理穂;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;Riho Isaka;Takashi Oishi;Riho Isaka;Takashi Oishi;柳澤 悠;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;井坂 理穂;柳澤 悠
• 通讯作者: 柳澤 悠

India modern and contemporary history and English novels in India (in Japanese)

印度近现代史和印度的英文小说（日文）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Eigoseinen Vol.152, No.10
• 作者: 山室建徳;石上英一;吉岡 道子;Takashi Oishi;大石高志;井坂理穂;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;Takashi Oishi;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka
• 通讯作者: Riho Isaka

植民地期インドにおける歴史記述 : パールシーの書く『自分たち』の歴史

殖民地印度的史学：帕西斯写的“我们自己”的历史

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 東大駒場連続講義 歴史をどう書くか(甚野尚志編)(講談社)
• 作者: 山室建徳;石上英一;吉岡 道子;Takashi Oishi;大石高志;井坂理穂;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;Takashi Oishi;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;柳澤 悠;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Riho Isaka;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;Riho Isaka;井坂 理穂
• 通讯作者: 井坂 理穂

Match industry and female and child laborers in India (in Japanese)

印度的火柴业与女性和童工（日语）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Gaikokugakukenkyu No.66
• 作者: 山室建徳;石上英一;吉岡 道子;Takashi Oishi;大石高志;井坂理穂;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;Takashi Oishi
• 通讯作者: Takashi Oishi

Historical description in colonial India (in Japanese) ( Hisashi Jinno ed)

印度殖民时期的历史描述（日文）（Hisashi Jinno 编）

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Todaikomaba Renzokukougi (Koudansha)
• 作者: 山室建徳;石上英一;吉岡 道子;Takashi Oishi;大石高志;井坂理穂;柳澤 悠;Takashi Oishi;Takashi Oishi;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka;柳澤 悠;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Haruka Yanagisawa;Haruka Yanagisawa;井坂理穂;Riho Isaka;Haruka Yanagisawa;Riho Isaka
• 通讯作者: Riho Isaka