Genetic structures of huge ant colonies, with reference to mechanism for maintaining the polyethism in eusocial insects

巨型蚁群的遗传结构，参考真社会性昆虫的多群性维持机制

基本信息

批准号：
13640623
负责人：
HIGASHI Seigo
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I made research on such ant species as Formica yessensis, Oecophylla smaragdina and three army ants which have supercolonies or huge colonies. In a supercolony of F.yessensis on Ishikari Coast, northern Japan, the relatedness was measured using four microsatellite DNA primers. The within-nest relatedness was from 0.248 to 0.484 while the between-nest relatedness was from 0.148 to 0.343. The between-nest relatedness was not correlated with between-nest distance, suggesting the absence of genetic viscosity which had been considered as the ultimate mechanism for maintaining the supercolonies.I collected Oecophylla smaragdina colonies from 30 local populations in South-East Asia, New Guinea and Australia and analyzed the phylogeny using mitochondrial cyt b gene. The Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the first divergence occurred In early stage of their history in which the Asian, Australian and Sulawesian groups rose. This grouping was almost coincident with the distribution of land-mass In glacial periods In Pleistocene. Thereafter, each group seemed to have Independently diverged into present populations on each landmass.I also studied the phenology and morphology of the ponerine nomadic ant Onychomyrmex hedleyi which belongs to the primitive ponerine ant tribe Amblyoponini and has been considered to be important for evolutionary studies of army ant behavior. Their behavior was different from that of higher army ants as follows : the colony size seems the smallest of all army ants ; the direction of colony migration is irregular, consisting of long-distance migration and short-distance migration.

我对诸如Yessensis，Oecophylla Smaragdina和三只具有超固体或巨大殖民地的军蚂蚁等蚂蚁物种进行了研究。在日本北部Ishikari海岸的F.yessensis的超级殖民地中，使用四个微卫星DNA底漆测量了相关性。巢内相关性从0.248到0.484，而nest相关性之间的相关性为0.148至0.343。 nest之间的相关性与距离之间的距离之间无关，这表明没有遗传粘度被认为是维持超级殖民的最终机制。Ii收集了来自东南亚，新几内亚和澳大利亚和澳大利亚的东南部30个地方人群的Oecophylla smaragdina殖民地，并使用Mitochonial coChondrial cytetrial cyee分析了。系统发育分析表明，第一个分歧发生在其历史的早期，亚洲，澳大利亚和苏拉威尼亚群体上升。该分组几乎与更新世的冰川时期的土地质量分布相吻合。此后，每个群体似乎都在每个陆地上独立地分歧为当前种群。他们的行为与高级蚂蚁的行为不同：殖民地的大小似乎是所有军队中最小的；菌落迁移的方向是不规则的，包括长距离迁移和短途迁移。