Evolutionary adaptation of dense microbial populations to range expansion

密集微生物种群对范围扩张的进化适应

基本信息

批准号：
10751361
负责人：
Katie Elaine Randolph
金额：
$ 4.77万
依托单位：
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-08-01 至 2025-07-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10751361
关键词：
3-Dimensional Affect Agar Alleles Biological Biological Models Biophysics Biotechnology Birth Cell Communication Cell Density Cell Shape Cells Cicatrix Collaborations Communication Dissection Educational process of instructing Ensure Environment Evolution Feedback Fellowship Gene Frequency Genes Genetic Genetic Drift Goals Grant Growth Haploidy Health Height Human Human Microbiome Liquid substance Measurement Mechanics Mentorship Microbe Microbial Biofilms Modeling Mutate Mutation Natural Selections Nature Neoplasms in Vascular Tissue Pattern Phenotype Population Property Research Resources Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomycetales Site Speed Structure Surface Surface Tension System Technology Time Training Viscosity Visual Work antagonist cell growth daughter cell experimental study genetic analysis genome sequencing insight microbial microbial colonization microbial community model organism mutant mutualism nutrition oral microbiome physical model physical property reconstruction research facility simulation theories trait whole genome

3-Dimensional Affect Agar Alleles Biological Biological Models Biophysics Biotechnology Birth Cell Communication Cell Density Cell Shape Cells Cicatrix Collaborations Communication Dissection Educational process of instructing Ensure Environment Evolution Feedback Fellowship Gene Frequency Genes Genetic Genetic Drift Goals Grant Growth Haploidy Health Height Human Human Microbiome Liquid substance Measurement Mechanics Mentorship Microbe Microbial Biofilms Modeling Mutate Mutation Natural Selections Nature Neoplasms in Vascular Tissue Pattern Phenotype Population Property Research Resources Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomycetales Site Speed Structure Surface Surface Tension System Technology Time Training Viscosity Visual Work antagonist cell growth daughter cell experimental study genetic analysis genome sequencing insight microbial microbial colonization microbial community model organism mutant mutualism nutrition oral microbiome physical model physical property reconstruction research facility simulation theories trait whole genome

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项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Surface-associated microbial populations are ubiquitous in nature and display evolutionary dynamics that are not yet well characterized, despite their importance to human health and technology. Genetic drift, the change in allele abundances due to chance alone, is known to be much more important in the surface-associated scenario than for microbes in well-mixed liquid media, but it is unknown which properties of cells and populations modulate this effect. I performed an evolutionary range expansion experiment with the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, to investigate how cells evolve when selected for more efficient surface-associated growth. We found that cells selected for faster expansion on surfaces evolved an elongated cell shape and a bipolar budding pattern, in which daughter cells bud at the pole opposite to the birth scar. Additionally, preliminary results suggest that evolved colonies display increased genetic drift compared to the ancestor. This proposal aims to understand the genetic changes that caused these phenotypes, and how these phenotypes modify the physical parameters of the system to enable faster expansion. Further, I will use this information to understand how properties of single cells affect the relative strength of natural selection and genetic drift in dense cellular aggregates. I hypothesize that the faster expansion is the result of evolved changes in physical properties of the colony that modify the way cells interact with each other and the agar surface. Additionally, I hypothesize that an elongated cell shape contributes to an increased strength of genetic drift in surface-associated growth. I will address this hypothesis by identifying the genes that cause each evolved phenotype, characterizing the physical properties of colonies and cells that affect expansion dynamics and three-dimensional colony structure, and finally use this information to assess the effect of each phenotypic change on the relative strength of genetic drift in expanding colonies. Completion of these goals will ensure I have developed expertise in both theoretical and experimental approaches pivotal to independent biophysical research with health-related applications, a major goal of my fellowship training plan. My training plan also includes training in scientific communication and inclusive teaching and mentorship. I will benefit from the significant resources granted to me by Cornell in the way of on-site, state-of-the-art research facilities, collaboration with experts specific to all fields represented in my research, and a wonderfully supportive research advisor, the sponsor of this work.

项目摘要表面相关的微生物种群无处不在，并且显示进化尽管它们对人类健康的重要性和技术。遗传漂移，仅由于机会而引起的等位基因丰度的变化，已知是在表面相关的情况下，比混合液中的微生物更重要得多培养基，但尚不清楚细胞和种群的哪些特性调节了这种效果。我对萌芽的酵母，糖疗法进行了进化范围的扩展实验酿酒酵母，研究选择细胞时如何进化以获得更有效的表面相关生长。我们发现，在表面上选择更快地扩展的细胞进化了细长的细胞形状和双极发芽模式，其中的子细胞在与出生相对的极点芽瘢痕。此外，初步结果表明进化的菌落显示出增加的遗传漂移与祖先相比。该提案旨在了解导致的遗传变化这些表型，以及这些表型如何将系统的物理参数修改为启用更快的扩展。此外，我将使用此信息来了解单个的属性细胞会影响密集的细胞聚集体中自然选择的相对强度和遗传漂移。我假设更快的扩展是物理变化的结果改变细胞相互作用和琼脂的菌落的特性表面。此外，我假设细长的细胞形状有助于表面相关生长中遗传漂移的强度提高。我将解决这个问题假设通过识别导致每个演变表型的基因，表征影响膨胀动态和三维的菌落和细胞的物理特性菌落结构，最后使用这些信息来评估每种表型变化的效果关于扩展菌落中遗传漂移的相对强度。这些目标的完成将确保我在理论和实验方法方面发展了专业知识独立生物物理研究与健康相关应用，这是我奖学金的主要目标培训计划。我的培训计划还包括科学沟通和包容性的培训教学和指导。我将从康奈尔授予我的大量资源中受益现场，最先进的研究设施的方式，与专家专家的合作方式在我的研究中代表，并且是一位出色的支持研究顾问，这是其中的赞助商工作。