Effects of high CO_2 atmosphere on growth and UVB resistance in rice.

高CO_2气氛对水稻生长及UVB抗性的影响

基本信息

批准号：
08660396
负责人：
KUMAGAI Tadashi
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08660396/
关键词：
ultraviolet B UV-resistance pyrimidine dimer photorepair of DNA damage UVB-absorbing compounds growth test CO_2-atmosphere Field test ペリミジンダイマー DNA損傷の光回復圃場試験法イネ

项目摘要

We previously found that elevated UVB suppresses the growth of rice. Tiller formation and biomass were most suppressed by UVB applied at the stages developing leaves from 2nd to 5th. More CPDs were produced by UVB applied at those stages. Ability to photoreapir CPDs in the 4th leaf increased from leaf emergence until full expansion. These results suggested that rice is more susceptible to CPD induction and UVB-caused growth retardation at the stage when the 2nd, 3rd, or 4th leaves are developing.We investigated the effects of CO2 (700ppm) on growth and yield of rice in an open-top chamber built in paddy field. Tiller formation, hulled grain weight, and the number of heavy-weight hulled grain increased, resulting in elevation of yield by ca.20 %. The period until ear emergence was shortened.Tiller number and biomass decreased in lower CO2 (200ppm) in a phytotron, whereas tiller number, biomass, and the contents of total N in a leaf, soluble protein, chlorophyll and Rubisco elevated more in higher CO2 (700ppm) than in ambient CO2. The degree of suppression of growth by UVB was higer in ambient CO2 than in higher CO2.Progenies having more resistance to UVB than sensitive perent were generated in F2 plants generated by crossing a cultivar resistant to UVB and a cultivars less resistant. We could not find any plants more resistant to UVB than parent in mutants of Kinmaze, but we found more sensitive plants to UVB,which would be useful for studying mechanism of UVB resistance in rice.

我们之前发现，升高的 UVB 会抑制水稻的生长。在第 2 至第 5 叶发育阶段施用的 UVB 对分蘖形成和生物量的抑制最为明显。在这些阶段应用 UVB 会产生更多的 CPD。从叶子出现到完全展开，第四片叶子中光致修复 CPD 的能力不断增强。这些结果表明，水稻在第 2、3 或 4 片叶子发育阶段更容易受到 CPD 诱导和 UVB 引起的生长迟缓。我们在开放条件下研究了 CO2 (700ppm) 对水稻生长和产量的影响。 -顶部室建在稻田中。分蘖形成、去壳粒重、重质去壳粒数增加，产量提高约20%。直到出穗的时间缩短。在植物生长室中，二氧化碳浓度较低（200ppm）时，分蘖数和生物量减少，而二氧化碳浓度较高时，分蘖数、生物量以及叶片中总氮、可溶性蛋白、叶绿素和 Rubisco 的含量升高更多(700ppm) 比环境 CO2 中的值高。 UVB对生长的抑制程度在环境CO2中比在较高CO2中更高。在通过对UVB具有抗性的品种与抗性较低的品种杂交产生的F2植物中，产生了对UVB具有比敏感的普通品种更高的抗性的后代。在Kinmaze突变体中，我们没有找到比亲本更能抵抗UVB的植物，但我们发现了对UVB更敏感的植物，这对研究水稻的UVB抗性机制有帮助。