Effects of UVB radiation and CO_2 atomosphere on growth of rice (oryza sativa L.).

UVB辐射和CO_2气氛对水稻(oryza sativa L.)生长的影响。

基本信息

批准号：
05454127
负责人：
KUMAGAI Tadashi
金额：
$ 4.03万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05454127/
关键词：
UVB radiation CO_2 atmosphere Rice (Oryza sativa)Environment Rubisco content Total leaf nitrogen Chlorophyll content Growth inhibition イネ紫外線UV-B 紫外線抵抗性地球環境品種間差異紫外線

项目摘要

Elevated unfiltered UVB inhibited tiller number, biomass production, plant length, photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content in rice. UVB effects were alleviated either by elevated CO_2 atmosphere or by exposure to high irradiance-visible radiation. Among 5 Asian rice ecotypes (aus, aman, boro, bulu and tjeleh) from Bengal and Indonesia and Japanese lowland and upland rice groups, the Japanese lowland rice group and the boro ecotype were more resistant. Among Japanese lowland rice cultivars, Sasanishiki exhibited more resistance to UVB,while Norin 1 showed less resistance, although these two cultivars are closely related. It was evident that various cultivars having different sensitivities to UVB were involved in the same ecotype and the same group, and that the resistance of rice to UVB is not simply due to the difference in the geographical situation where rice cultivars are cultivated. The genetic analysis of resistance to UVB effects on growth of rice using F2 plants generated by reciprocally crossing Sasanishiki and Nirin 1 and F3 lines generated by self-fertilizing F2 plants proved that the resistance to UVB was controlled by recessive polygenes. Elevated UVB containing no UVC reduced total leaf nitrogen, soluble protein and Rubisco, while increased in the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. There was a cultivar difference in the resistance to UVB effects. The reduction in Rubisco content was less in Sasanishiki, while the increase in the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds was greater in Sasanishiki. It was thus suggested that the cultivar difference in the resistance to UVB might be due to the difference between Rubisco content and UV-absorbing compounds as influenced by UVB.

未过滤的 UVB 升高会抑制水稻的分蘖数、生物量产量、植株长度、光合速率和叶绿素含量。 UVB 效应可以通过升高 CO_2 气氛或暴露于高辐照度-可见辐射来减轻。在来自孟加拉和印度尼西亚的5个亚洲水稻生态型（aus、aman、boro、bulu和tjeleh）以及日本低地和旱稻组中，日本低地稻组和boro生态型的抗性更强。在日本低地水稻品种中，Sasanishiki 对 UVB 的抗性较强，而 Norin 1 的抗性较差，尽管这两个品种密切相关。可见，对UVB敏感度不同的不同品种属于同一生态型、同一类群，水稻对UVB的抗性不仅仅取决于水稻品种种植地理环境的差异。利用 Sasanishiki 和 Nirin 1 互交产生的 F2 系和自花受精 F2 产生的 F3 系对水稻生长的 UVB 抗性影响进行遗传分析，证明对 UVB 的抗性是由隐性多基因控制的。不含 UVC 的 UVB 升高会降低叶片总氮、可溶性蛋白质和 Rubisco，同时增加吸收紫外线化合物的积累。对 UVB 效应的抵抗力存在品种差异。 Sasanishiki 中 Rubisco 含量的减少较少，而 Sasanishiki 中紫外线吸收化合物的积累增加较多。由此表明，品种对UVB抗性的差异可能是由于受UVB影响的Rubisco含量和紫外线吸收化合物之间的差异造成的。