A Study on the High Rate of Litigation in Germany

德国高诉讼率研究

基本信息

批准号：
08620009
负责人：
SATO Iwao
金额：
$ 1.02万
依托单位：
Osaka City University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08620009/
关键词：
Litigation Rate Judiciary Legal Culture Legal Institution Legal Organization Association Germany Comparative Sociology of Law 司法統計訴訟へのアクセス制度福祉国家

项目摘要

This socio-legal study aims at analyze the grounds of the high rate of litigation in Germany, by comparing the legal system of Japan and Germany. The findings of this study are summarized as follows :First, the litigation rate in Germany is much higher than that in Japan -in civil case : Germany 18 to Japan 1, in in labor case : Germany 456 to Japan 1administrative case : Germany 266 to Japan 1 (1990).Secondly, the preceding studies pointed out the cultural factor and the institutional factor as the grounds of the high rate of litigation in Germany. This study demonstrates that German legal institutions make the litigation very available for common citizens by reducing the cost of litigation dramatically, while there is very little evidence that shows the crucial influence of cultural factor on the litigious behavior of Germans.Thirdly, in Germany various type of associational organizations, for example consumer organizations, tenant organizations, social welfare organizations, environment protect organizations, community based organizations, social movements, and network organizations powerfully empower the litigation of the individuals. It is the most significant findings of this study that these associational organizations play the very important role in legal behavior of the individuals.Finally, this study come to the conclusion that the institutional factor and the organizational factor, independently of the cultural factor, influence on the high rate of litigation in germany.

这项社会法律研究旨在通过比较日本和德国的法律制度来分析德国诉讼率高的原因。本研究结果总结如下：第一，德国的诉讼率远高于日本——民事案件：德国18件，日本1件；劳动案件：德国456件，日本1件；行政案件：德国266件，日本1件。 Japan 1 (1990)。其次，前人的研究指出文化因素和制度因素是德国诉讼率高的原因。本研究表明，德国的法律制度通过大幅降低诉讼成本，使普通公民能够方便地进行诉讼，但很少有证据表明文化因素对德国人的诉讼行为具有至关重要的影响。第三，在德国，各种类型的诉讼消费者组织、租户组织、社会福利组织、环境保护组织、社区组织、社会运动、网络组织等协会组织的崛起，有力地赋予了个人诉讼权利。本研究最重要的发现是，这些社团组织在个人的法律行为中发挥着非常重要的作用。最后，本研究得出的结论是，制度因素和组织因素独立于文化因素，对个体的法律行为产生影响。德国的诉讼率很高。