The role of subsoil on the crop production-subsoil edaphology.

底土对作物生产的作用——底土土壤环境。

基本信息

批准号：
08456039
负责人：
SAIGUSA Masahiko
金额：
$ 4.74万
依托单位：
Tohoku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08456039/
关键词：
Colloidal composition Allophanic Andisols Nonallophanic Andisols Utilization efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen controlled availability fertilizer nutrient absorption activity holding capacity of ammonium permanent negative アンモニウムイオン保持量膨

项目摘要

Subsoil, as well as surface soil, has an important role in supplying water and nutrients to crops. Fertilized nutrients easily migrate from surface layr to subsoil by rainfall in the humid regions such as Japan. The objectives of this study are to determine the effects of subsoil on the growth and nitrogen (N) uptake of crops in representative Japanese Andisols with different clay mineralogy, and the effect of controlled availability fertilizer (CAF) of N on the crop growth in soils inhibiting root development to subsoil. Weakly acidic allophanic Andisol and strongly acidic nonallophanic Andisol with 2 : 1 minerals were used in this study. Experimental treatments were surface soil plot where root elongation was limited to surface layr (15 cm depth) and subsoil plot where crop root can develop into subsoil (45 cm thickness). Total dry matter and grain yield of oats and barley in the subsoil plots were greater than those in the surface soil plots in both soils. Nitrogen uptake of both cr … More ops in subsoil plots were 1.7 to 3.3 times as much as in the surface soil plots. Oats absorbed about 70 % and 50 % of total uptake N from allophanic and nonallophanic subsoil, respectively. In the case of barley with sensitivity to Al toxicity, the ratios of N absorbed from subsoil to total uptake in nonallophanic soil (42%) were lower than those in allophanic soil (65%). Barley roots could not extend to deeper subsoil in nonallophanic soil with high toxic Al level due to presence of 2 : 1 minerals and low pH.Application of CAF-N increased growth and N uptake of crops in each surface soil plots.It was concluded that subsoil playd a signiflcant role in supplying fertilizer and soil-mineralized N to crops and in increasing the crop growth and the grain yield under humid climate of Japan. The contribution of subsoil to the crop growth was affected by soil clay mineralogy relating soil acidity. Application of CAF-N was effective for improving the crop growth and the grain yield in soils inhibiting root elongation into subsoil.Sandy paddy soil showed lower holding capacity of ammonium ion compared to clayy soil. Rice yield and utilization efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen was lower in sandy soil than clayy soil. Productivity of sandy paddy soil depended more strongly on nitrogen supplying ability of subsoil than clayy paddy soil. Less

地下土壤以及表面土壤在向农作物供水和养分中具有重要作用。受精的养分很容易通过潮湿地区（如日本）的降雨从表面层到地下土壤迁移。这项研究的目的是确定地下土壤对具有不同粘土Mineraology的代表性日本Andisols的生长和氮（N）摄取的影响，以及n的受控可利用性肥料（CAF）对抑制根部土壤抑制根部发育的土壤的农作物生长的影响。在这项研究中，使用了弱酸性的同种植物Andizo和强酸性的非洋植物Andizo，并在本研究中使用了2：1粉色。实验处理是表面土壤图，其中根部伸长限于表面层（15 cm深度）和地下土壤图，其中农作物根可以发展成底土（45 cm厚）。燕麦和大麦的总干物质和谷物产量比两种土壤中的表面土壤图中的燕麦和大麦的总产量大。两种Cr的氮摄取…地下土壤地块中的更多OPS是地表土壤图中的1.7至3.3倍。燕麦分别吸收了来自同种和非磷洋基土壤的总摄取n的70％和50％。在大麦对Al毒性敏感的情况下，在非磷土壤中，从地下土壤吸收的N与总摄取（42％）低于同种土壤中的N比（65％）。由于存在2：1个含量和低pH值，大麦根部无法扩展到毒性高的非磷土壤中的深层土壤。在每个表面土壤图中，CAF-N的生长增加和N的作物的吸收量增加，这得出的结论是，Subsoil在供应肥料和土壤中的生长量和植物量不断增长，并在供应量增加了杂物和杂物量的繁殖量，并在繁殖中发挥了不断增长的作用。地下土壤对农作物生长的贡献受土壤粘土矿物学的影响，与土壤酸度有关。 CAF-N的应用可有效地改善作物的生长和抑制根部延伸成层土壤的土壤中的谷物产量。与粘土土壤相比，沙质稻田显示出铵离子的保持能力较低。在沙质土壤中，水稻产量和肥料氮的利用效率低于粘土土壤。沙质稻田的生产率比粘土稻土的生产力更大程度地取决于氮的供应能力。较少的