"Community-based Approaches" and Cooperative Development

“社区为本”与合作发展

基本信息

批准号：
07660295
负责人：
YAMAO Masahiro
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Kagoshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to discuss theoretical frameworks of community-based resource management and to examine how to adopt cooperative approaches to effective management systems. Governments of Southeast Asian nations have long made much effort to promote cooperative organizations. They have functioned as economic ones involved in the operation of business activities. Nowadays, cooperative organizations are expected to evolve into management body. They are locally-based institutions. This study has clarified what operating principles and organizational frameworks are needed for the rebuilding of cooperative organizations. It includes following topics :1 Review of Traditional Community-based Resource ManagementNot only in agriculture but also in fisheries, traditional community-based resource management systems have worked effectively, although they are informal. Some of the traditional ones are to be transformed into formal and rationale ones with the frameworks of users' participation.2 Transformation of Co-management SystemCo-management shares responsibility between government and resource users. This approach stands on a middle course between top-down and bottom-up management. There are some patterns, which are varied according to users' self-regulation, such as instructive, consultative, cooperative, advisory and informative.3 Development of Cooperatives As Management BodyCooperatives are regarded as economic organizations, which are to adopt members to market economy. They are not suited to be responsible organizations in resource management. However, their organizational principles and operational procedures are applicable to co-management schemes.Participatory approach is the most adequate one to effective and sustainable use of resources. Promotion policy for cooperatives must be rearranged to adapt them to locally-based resource management systems.

本研究的目的是讨论基于社区的资源管理的理论框架，并研究如何采用合作方法来实现有效的管理系统。东南亚各国政府长期以来为推动合作组织做出了很大努力。它们作为经济主体参与商业活动的运作。如今，合作组织有望演变为管理主体。它们是本地机构。本研究明确了合作组织重建需要什么样的运作原则和组织框架。它包括以下主题： 1 传统社区资源管理回顾不仅在农业领域，而且在渔业领域，传统的社区资源管理系统尽管非正式，但仍有效发挥作用。一些传统的管理模式应转变为正式的、理性的，并具有用户参与的框架。2共管体制的转变政府与资源使用者共同管理，共同承担责任。这种方法处于自上而下和自下而上管理之间的中间路线。有指导性、咨询性、合作性、咨询性、信息性等多种模式，根据使用者的自我调节而有所不同。3合作社作为管理主体的发展合作社被视为经济组织，吸收成员参加市场经济。他们不适合成为资源管理方面负责任的组织。然而，它们的组织原则和操作程序适用于共同管理计划。参与式方法是有效和可持续利用资源的最适当方法。必须重新安排合作社的促进政策，使其适应当地的资源管理系统。