Pervaporation Separation from low Concentration of Alcohol Aquoeus Solution using Capillary Model

使用毛细管模型从低浓度酒精水溶液中渗透汽化分离

基本信息

批准号：
02650710
负责人：
INAGAKI Norihiro
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
Shizuoka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The objective of the project is to prepare ethanol-selective separation membranes for pervaporation of ethanol-water mixtures. Four research programs for the aim were carried out and results of the researches were summarized as follows.1. Basic Design of Ethanol-Selective Separation MembranesA model of preferential-sorption-capillary flow was discussed for application of separation membranes in the pervaporation process. The membranes used for ethanol-selective separation are required to have pores to travel ethanol molecules across membrane and to have hydrophobic surface with less than 30 mJ/m^2.2. Preparation of Hydrophobic SurfaceTo obtain hydrophobic surface with less than 30 mJ/^2M, the introduction of CF, CF_2, and CF_3 residues onto polymers was effective. The efficiency of these residues in hydrophobicity was CF_3>CF_2>CF.3. Durable Surface of PolymersSurface modification by graft-polymers led to unchanged surface properties even when the surface was exposed to hydrophilic or hydrophobic atmosphere at elevated temperature.4. Separation Membranes Surface-modified by Graft PolymerizationPorous polyethylene and polypropylene membranes that were plasma-graft-polymerized with fluorinated acrylate monomers showed high ethanol separation factors in pervaporation of ethanol-water mixtures. An ethanol-water mixture with 5 wt% ethanol was concentrated 24 wt% ethanol in pervaporation using the porous membranes plasma-graft-polymerized.

该项目的目的是准备乙醇选择性分离膜，以使乙醇水混合物泛化。进行了四个针对目标的研究计划，研究结果总结如下1。讨论了优先吸附 - 毛细血管流的乙醇选择性分离膜模型的基本设计，以在透露过程中应用分离膜。需要用于乙醇选择性分离的膜必须有毛孔以跨膜传播乙醇分子，并且具有小于30 mj/m^2.2的疏水表面。疏水表面的制备以小于30 MJ/^2M的形式获得疏水表面，将CF，CF_2和CF_3残基引入聚合物是有效的。这些残基在疏水性中的效率为CF_3> CF_2> CF.3。聚合物的耐用表面通过移植聚合物修饰，即使表面在升高温度下暴露于亲水性或疏水气氛时，也会导致表面不变。4。通过移植聚合聚合物聚合聚聚乙烯和聚丙烯膜表面修饰的分离膜被用氟化丙烯酸酯单体进行了血浆接枝聚合，显示出高乙醇分离因子在乙醇 - 含水混合物的透露而生蒸发中。使用多孔膜血浆接聚合聚合，将乙醇 - 水与5 wt％乙醇浓缩24 wt％乙醇。