An analytic philosophical study of historical narratives

历史叙事的分析哲学研究

• 批准号: 02610001
• 负责人: NOE Keiichi
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02610001/
• 关键词: philosophy of history; historiography; narrative sentence; narrative act; ideal chronicle; folklore; hermeneutic; speech act theory; 理想的年代記

The traditional philosophy of history mainly treated with such a global problem as "the meaning of history" or "the direction of history. " It was generally characterized as "the science of a world-view. " But now, after the sense of value is diversified and the Europe-centered view of history is radically criticized, the Hegelian philosophy of history which totally explained the development of world history become useless and the emergence of new philosophy of history is in expectation. This requires an investigation to focus not on the macroscopic world-view, but on the microscopic "historical narrative. " In this study, I tried to explicate the basic structure of historical narrative by means of the analytic philosophy, especially the speech act theory.In essence, history is not "made" or "become" but "narrated. " This thesis is nothing other than the starting-point of my study. Historical events which are objects of historical narrative, are not bare reproductions of past events as they were. They are selected and reorganized by our perspectives of remembrance, in other words "hermeneutically transformed. " Thus, historical events should be called "hermeneutical facts" rather than "objective facts. " But, if remembrance of the past is not mediated by an act of narrative, it remains mere personal reminiscence. It is the "structurization" and the "intersubjectivization" through speech acts that makes the necessary condition of historical facts. We would like to call this kind of speech act which constitutes the basic unit of historiography "narrative act. " History is nothing but the product of "poiesis" of narrative acts. The result of this study is that we elucidate the concept of narrative act and combine it with the basic theory for the philosophy of history.

传统历史哲学主要处理“历史的意义”或“历史的方向”这样的世界性问题，一般被定性为“世界观的科学”。多元化和以欧洲为中心的历史观受到彻底批判，全面解释世界历史发展的黑格尔历史哲学变得无用，新历史哲学的出现令人期待。这就要求我们的考察不能着眼于宏观的世界观，而要着眼于微观的“历史叙事”。在本研究中，我试图用分析哲学尤其是言语行为理论来阐明历史叙事的基本结构。从本质上讲，历史不是“被创造”或“成为”，而是“被叙述”。这篇论文只不过是我研究的起点。历史事件作为历史叙事的对象，并不是过去事件的简单再现。它们是根据我们的记忆视角来选择和重组的，换句话说，是“解释学上的转变”。因此，历史事件应该被称为“解释学事实”而不是“客观事实”。但是，如果对过去的记忆不是通过某种行为来调解的就叙述而言，这只是个人的回忆。正是通过言语行为的“结构化”和“主体间化”构成了历史事实的必要条件。我们愿意把这种构成史学基本单位的言语行为称为“叙事行为”。历史不过是叙事行为“创作”的产物。本研究的结果是阐明了叙事行为的概念，并将其与历史哲学的基本理论相结合。

项目成果

野家 啓一 ほか6名 (共著): "物語(現代哲学の冒険、第8巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等6人（合着）：《故事（近代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）

野家 啓一,ほか五名: "物語(現代哲学の冒険 第八巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等五人：《故事（现代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）

Keiichi Noe: ""The end of history and the rebirth of narrative"" Hon(Book). 15. 22-28 (1990)

野江敬一：“历史的终结与叙事的重生”本（书）。

野家 啓一ほか6名(共著): "物語(現代哲学の冒険,第8巻)" 岩波書店, 440 (1990)

野谷圭一等6人（合着）：《故事（近代哲学历险记第8卷）》岩波书店，440（1990）

Keiichi Noe: NARRATIVE, Iwanami. "An inquiry into narrative act", 440 (1990)

野江敬一：叙述，岩波。