Ernst Mach and the idea of "Physical Phenomenology"

恩斯特·马赫和“物理现象学”的思想

• 批准号: 04610001
• 负责人: NOE Keiichi
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04610001/
• 关键词: physical phenomenology; sensuous elements; transcendental phenomenology; phenomenalism; pure description; mechanistic world-view; economy of thought; positivism; 感性的要素一元論; 思惟経済; 科学哲学; 反実在論

Ernst Mach's "Physical Phenomenology" is a project which eliminates all the metaphysical categories (substance, causality, absolute motion and so on) from a system of physics, and investigates physical laws by means of purely describing complexes of elements in accordance with the economy of thought. This idea is supported by his radical criticism of the mechanistic world-view which dominated scientific reseaches in the nineteenth century. Mach's conceptual reexamination of Newtonian mechanics made way for Einstein's relativity theory, and at the same time stimulated the movement of "Logical Positivism" which finally developped into Analytic Philosophy.On the other hand, Mach's idea of "Phenomenology" influenced on Husserl's philosophical thought and contributed the formation of "Transcendental Phenomenology." Both Mach and Husserl have the same methodological attitude to put their heart into describing the phenomena as fundamental data. But Mach's "Physical Phenomenology" is no more than the "mundane phenomenology" which is based on natural attitudes. At this poit, Husserl criticized Mach's position as "biological relativism" and built up his transcendental phenomenology by introducing the very procedure of "Phenpmenological Reduction".In these circumstances, Mach's "Physical Phenomenology" was transformed into Analytic Philosophy by way of the "Linguistic Turn" on the one hand, and metamorphosed into Transcendental Phenomenology by passing through the "Transcendental Turn" on the other. Therefore Mach's philosophical achievement should be reevaluated as an origin of the twentieth century philosophy.

恩斯特·马赫（Ernst Mach）的“物理现象学”是一个从物理系统中消除所有形而上学类别（物质，因果关系，绝对运动等）的项目，并通过按照思想的经济来纯粹描述元素的复合物来研究物理定律。这一想法得到了他对19世纪科学领导的机械世界观的激进批评的支持。马赫（Mach）对牛顿力学的概念性重新审视为爱因斯坦的相对论理论留了路，同时刺激了“逻辑实证主义”的运动，最终发展为分析哲学。另一方面，马赫的“现象学”观念对侯赛尔的哲学思想产生了影响，并影响了“跨性现象学的形成”。马赫（Mach）和胡塞尔（Husserl）都具有相同的方法论态度，将他们的心投入将现象描述为基本数据。但是，马赫的“物理现象学”只不过是基于自然态度的“平凡现象学”。在这一点上，侯赛尔批评马赫的立场是“生物相对主义”，并通过介绍“现象学还原”的过程来构成他的先验现象学，从而在这些情况下，通过“通过语言”转化为“语言”，将“物理现象学”转化为分析哲学，并将其转化为“语言”，并转化为“语言”，并将其转化为the the the the the the the the the nertental nromentional of nertental ntransy nonement of nertental nroments n'' 其他。因此，马赫的哲学成就应作为二十世纪哲学的起源进行重新评估。

项目成果

野家啓一 ほか: "岩波講座「現代思想」第X巻『科学論』" 岩波書店(近刊予定), (1994)

野谷圭一等：《岩波讲座“现代思想”第X卷“科学理论”》岩波书店（即将出版），（1994年）

Keiichi Noe^^´: "“The Hermeneutic Turn" in Husserl's phenomenology of language" Human Studies. 15. 117-128 (1992)

Keiichi Noe^^´：“胡塞尔语言现象学中的“诠释学转向””《人类研究》15. 117-128 (1992)。

KEIICHI NOE: "Mach's Relativism vs. Apriorism and the Mechanistic World View." Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Vol.143. 229-241 (1992)

KEIICHI NOE：“马赫的相对主义与先验论和机械世界观。”

Keiichi Noe: "Mach's Relativism vs.Apriorism and the Mechanistic World View" Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. 143. 229-241 (1992)

Keiichi Noe：“马赫的相对主义与先验主义和机械世界观”波士顿科学哲学研究。

Keiichi Noe^^´: "Mach's Apriorism vs. Apriorism and the mechanistic World View" Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science. 143. 229-241 (1992)

Keiichi Noe^^´：“马赫的先验论与先验论和机械世界观”《波士顿科学哲学研究》143. 229-241 (1992)。