Geoecological and Socio-Structural Impacts of the Settlement-Removal Schemes Caused by Natural Disasters or Dam-Constructions.

自然灾害或大坝建设引起的定居点迁移计划的地质生态和社会结构影响。

基本信息

批准号：
01580240
负责人：
ISHII Motosuke
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
Meiji University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. This project aims at an analysis of the geoecological and socio-structural impacts of the settlement-removal schemes, which were carried out mainly on account of natural disasters or dam-constructions in remote rural areas, under special consideration of their significances for resources conservation and revitalization of the depopulated peripheral regions.2. Survey areas are located in ; a) Ina-valley, Nagano-Ken, b) Tadami-valley, Fukushima-Ken, were settlement removal schemes were practiced after flood disasters, and c) Ohno-basin, Fukui-Ken, where similar schemes were practiced in connection with the Kuzuryu-river water resources development projects.3. In the survey areas, geoecological and land use maps of different stages were produced by means of areal photographs and field works, and the process of changing social structure of village communities of the respective areas were investigated by the documents and interviews with related villagers.4. Main results of this research … More are as follows ; (1) Most cases of the settlement-removal schemes in 1960s were practiced just after severe natural disasters. These villages were usually located in remote mountain areas with unfavorable circumstances, such as high altitude, steep slope, heavy snowfall, etc. (2) People of those villages had long kept up their quite stable living by traditional callings, like sericulture, charcoal making, etc. Although the direct causes of the village abandonments were often some sorts of natural disasters, a sharp decline of those traditional callings, during the era of economic expansion in 1960s, should be appreciated as playing a greater roll behind them. (3) We can recognize various forms of reconstruction process of living in the newly settled communities of the removed people, conditioned by physical, socio-economic and administrative circumstances of the surrounding areas. However, the possibilities of maintaining human relations as a village-like community, for instance, the group-colonization system, the organization of same-villager community, and so on, are very important for the successful settling down of the removed people. (4) Since 1970s, even in the remote rural areas, the grade of village-isolation has been generally diminished, through the improved transport facilities, the increasing motorization tendencies and the extending local labor markets, and, consequently, the number of settlement-removal cases has remarkably decreased. (5) Nevertheless, in the once abandoned former village areas, a tendency of deteriorating geoecological environments has been accelerated through the extremely intensified managements of forests and streams, bringing as a consequence the total river basin conservation in danger. (6) Thus, the multiple impacts of the settlement-removal schemes upon local communities and their geoecological circumstances can be recognized as giving us many important suggestions for the future conservation problems of our national land. Less

1。该项目旨在分析设定驱逐计划对偏远农村地区的库存灾害或大坝建设的凝聚力驱逐计划的地球生态和社会结构的影响，这是对资源保护的特殊意义和振兴人口流动的外围地点的意义.2。不同阶段的地图是通过面积照片和野外作品制作的，并且与本研究的文档和实习生一起调查了各个地区的村庄社区的过程。4。如下在1960年代的经济付款中，那些传统呼唤的急剧下降的局势急剧下降，因为在他们身后发挥了更大的贡献（3），我们可以识别出在新近被删除的社区中的重新构造形式。人们，通过物理，社会经济和周围地区的分配情况，将人际关系作为一个像村庄般的社区，群体殖民化体系，同一村民社区的组织遵循 - 直到偏远的农村地区，村庄隔离的等级也减少了，而改善的运输工具则倾向于倾向于当地劳动力市场曾经放弃的村庄，Xtremely的趋势加强了对森林和溪流的管理，因此将河流盆地的全部保存带到了危险中（6）。他们的地质学情况可以为我们国家的未来保护问题提供重要的建议