Study on the deterioration of ecological environment in mountainous disaster areas and on the essential conditions for environmental conservation in their reconstruction processes.

山区灾区生态环境恶化及其重建过程中环境保护的必备条件研究

基本信息

批准号：
04680244
负责人：
ISHII Motosuke
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Meiji University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. This project aims at an investigation of deteriorationg ecological environment in mountainous disaster areas and of the essential conditions for environmental conservation measures in their reconstruction processes.2. Survey areas are located in ; a) Ohno-basin, Fukui-Prof., where problems of ground water depletion have very often been broken out recently, and b) Ohshika-Mura, Ina-valley, Nagano-Pref., where active reconstruction works have been going on after the severs flood disasters of 1961.3. In the survey areas, the geo-ecological maps of different stages were produced by means of aerial photographs, official survey materials and field works, and the process of changing environmental and social structures of the respective areas were investigated by the documents and filed observations.4. Main results of this research are as follows ;(1) In Ohno-basin, ground water used to be depleted through excessive pumping up of snow-melting water after heavy snowfall. But, level of ground … More water was usually recovered in summer season, thanks to the infiltration of irrigation water from paddy fields in the basin. Recently, however, ground water shortage occurs even in summer. It coluld be indicated that continuous depletion of ground water in the latest years has benn caused, at least partly, by the decreased infiltration of irrigation water from paddy fields in the catchment areas, where concreted channels and solidified field beds were constructed through the land-melioration works. In order to recover an optimum level of ground water supply in this area, some conservation measures for water supply, such as, restoring natural streams, land use planning after the geoecological considerations, and so on, which are successfully enforced in western Germany.(2) In Ohshika-Mura, many settlements, located in valley bottom and on talus or river terrace, were seriously damaged by land slide and muddy flood folw caused by the torrential rain of June 1961. Flood damages in this area were worsend by the devastation of mountain slopes and river channels during the war time. It can be highly appreciated, that the reconstruction works of the river channels along the damaged valleys were carried out mainly with natural materials instead of steel and concrete. The engineering methods of this type can be appraised as geoecologically effective for the river basin conservation, in view of the fact that the native kinds of vegetation, such as black alder, white birch, etc., have been gradually recovered along the stream channels during the thirty years after the flood damage of 1961. Less

1. 本项目旨在调查山地灾区生态环境恶化情况及其重建过程中采取环境保护措施的必要条件。 2. 调查区域位于： a) 大野盆地，福井县。最近经常爆发地下水枯竭问题，b) 长野县伊那谷大志村，在 2007 年严重洪涝灾害后，重建工作一直在积极进行。 1961.3.在调查区域，通过航空摄影、官方调查资料和野外工作等方式制作不同阶段的地质生态图，并通过文献调查各区域环境和社会结构的变化过程并归档。 4.本研究的主要结果如下：（1）在大野盆地，大雪过后，地下水位因过度抽取融雪水而枯竭。夏天恢复了然而，由于近年来流域内稻田的灌溉水渗入，地下水甚至在夏季也出现了短缺，这可以表明，近年来地下水的持续枯竭已经造成了至少部分的影响。由于土地改良工程修建了混凝土渠道和固化田床，流域内水田的灌溉水渗透减少，为了恢复该地区地下水供应的最佳水平，采取了一些保护措施。水供应，如恢复自然溪流、考虑地质生态因素的土地利用规划等，在德国西部得到了成功的实施。(2)在Ohshika-Mura，许多定居点位于谷底、距山或河流上1961年6月的暴雨引发的山体滑坡和泥石流严重破坏了梯田。战时山坡和河道的破坏使该地区的洪水灾害更加严重。值得高度赞赏的是，沿受损河谷的河道重建工程主要采用天然材料而不是钢筋和混凝土，这种工程方法对于流域保护具有地质生态效果。鉴于1961年洪水破坏后的三十年间，河道沿岸原生植被如黑桤木、白桦等已逐渐恢复。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（38）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

YOKOYAMA,Hideji(横山秀司): "Die Veranderung des Landscnaftshalts und die Uberschwemmungen im Einzugsgebiet des SAKAI in KANAGAWA-Ken" 経済学論集(The Journal of Economics)宮崎産業経営大学経済学会. 1-1. 139-152 (1992)

横山英二（Hideji Yokoyama）：“Die Veranderung des Landscnaftshalts und die Uberschwemmungen im Einzugsgebiet des SAKAI in KANAGAWA-Ken”《经济学杂志》，宫崎工业管理大学经济学会 1-1（1992 年）。

DOI：
发表时间：
期刊：
影响因子：
0
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通讯作者：

ISHII,Motosuke(石井素介): "Significance of Paddy Rice Farming and Floodplain Land Use for the Environmental Adaptation and Destruction in Japan" 駿台史学(Sundai Historical Review). 87. 1-18 (1993)

ISHII, Motosuke：“水稻种植和洪泛区土地利用对日本环境适应和破坏的意义”Sundai Historical Review，87. 1-18 (1993)。

DOI：
发表时间：
期刊：
影响因子：
0
作者：
通讯作者：

YOKOYAMA,Hideji: "Die Veraenderung des Landschaftshaushalts und die Ueberschwemmungen im Einzugsgebiet des Flusses SAKAI in Kanagawa-Ken (Praef.)" The Journal of Economics (Miyazaki-Sangyo-Keiei U.). Vol.1-1. 139-152 (1992)

横山秀二：“Die Veraenderung des Landschaftshaushalts und die Ueberschwemmungen im Einzugsgebiet des Flusses SAKAI in Kanakawa-Ken (Praef.)”《经济学杂志》（Miyazaki-Sangyo-Keiei U.）。