GCS-CEAS: a novel tool for exposure assessment during disaster response

GCS-CEAS：灾难响应期间暴露评估的新工具

• 批准号: 10699942
• 负责人: IRA LEIFER
• 金额: $ 20.49万
• 依托单位: BUBBLEOLOGY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10699942
• 关键词: Academia; Accounting; Address; Adsorption; Agriculture; Air; Alkanes; Anesthetics; Archives; Benzene; Breath Tests; Calibration; Chemicals; Collection; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Detection; Diagnostic; Disadvantaged; Disasters; Equilibrium; Event; Exhalation; Floods; Fluorescence; Gas Chromatography; Gases; Government; Health; Hurricane; Hydrocarbons; In Situ; Industry; Infrastructure; Laboratories; Lasers; Maintenance; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Monitor; Natural Disasters; Oils; Price; Proxy; Reaction Time; Research; Resolution; Risk; Sampling; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Specific qualifier value; Surveys; System; Technical Expertise; Technology; Testing; Time; Toluene; Transport Process; Uncertainty; Volatilization; Xylene; absorption; chemical disaster; chemical release; climate change; cost; cost effective; design; detection limit; ethylbenzene; experience; extreme weather; first responder; gas analyzer; health application; innovation; interest; landfill; manufacture; member; mobile application; novel; operation; portability; real time monitoring; response; sample collection; sensor; success; timeline; tool; Academia; Accounting; Address; Adsorption; Agriculture; Air; Alkanes; Anesthetics; Archives; Benzene; Breath Tests; Calibration; Chemicals; Collection; Communities; Complex; Data; Data Collection; Data Set; Detection; Diagnostic; Disadvantaged; Disasters; Equilibrium; Event; Exhalation; Floods; Fluorescence; Gas Chromatography; Gases; Government; Health; Hurricane; Hydrocarbons; In Situ; Industry; Infrastructure; Laboratories; Lasers; Maintenance; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Monitor; Natural Disasters; Oils; Price; Proxy; Reaction Time; Research; Resolution; Risk; Sampling; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Source; Specific qualifier value; Surveys; System; Technical Expertise; Technology; Testing; Time; Toluene; Transport Process; Uncertainty; Volatilization; Xylene; absorption; chemical disaster; chemical release; climate change; cost; cost effective; design; detection limit; ethylbenzene; experience; extreme weather; first responder; gas analyzer; health application; innovation; interest; landfill; manufacture; member; mobile application; novel; operation; portability; real time monitoring; response; sample collection; sensor; success; timeline; tool

BRI will develop and demonstrate a Gas Chromatography Selector (GCS) that front-ends a Cavity Enhanced Absorption Spectrometer (CEAS) for the fast, accurate, selective, sensitive (0.025 ppbv, or better, using pre- concentration) measurement of a wide spectrum of volatile organic hydrocarbons (VOHs) that are beyond current CEAS technology. BRI will develop and demonstrate an inexpensive, reusable Pre-concentration Sample Module (PSM) to collect samples for later analysis. Thus GCS-CEAS significantly extends industry- leading CEAS technology capabilities for air quality monitoring opening many new applications. GCS-CEAS will be suitable for mobile applications with a time response comparable to or better than other gas analyzers (1-2 minutes). Extreme weather events are increasing instances of cascading technological disasters, e.g., hurricanes damage infrastructure, causing chemical releases, and thus, exposure. GCS-CEAS addresses the resulting VOHs released and can be expanded to include any gas that can be measured by gas chromatography. Thus, GCS-CEAS supports disaster response as a reliable, accurate sensor that detects an extensive range of toxic gases for exposure assessment for first responders and the community. The GCS-CEAS uses fast (0.1-2 s time response) analysis by the CEAS of CH4 to guide GCS-CEAS data collection or PSM collection for later analysis. GCS-CEAS can be adapted easily to other VOHs of interest. Envisioned mobile applications are for cars, a 4WD vehicles, or small ATVs. There are direct health applications: exposure, breath analysis, diagnostics, or monitoring exhaled anesthetic. GCS-CEAS will be commercially accessible, requiring minimal technical expertise, maintenance, and calibration. Fusion of mobile real-time, focused speciation by GCS-CEAS with archival full speciation will transform source monitoring. GCS-CEAS enables in-plume sample collection that stationary monitors can easily miss or misinterpret to estimate exposure. Mobile data are snapshot data that removes the large uncertainty in stationary datasets wherein transport processes and emission unsteadiness become confounded. We demonstrate field application of GCS-CEAS using remote PSM sample collection downwind of the Carson Refinery for complete analysis by the bench top system. Tasks involve developing and validating optimization modules to meet target time response, accuracy, selectivity, and detection limits and accounting for H2 balance effects on CEAS calibration. Target GCS-CEAS accuracy is 5%. PSM target detection limits are sub-25 ppt at 1-3 minute time response for BTEX and alkanes, similar to fluorescence analyzer time-scales, which only measure (selectively) one (not large molecule) gas per analyzer and cannot be re-tasked for other gases, unlike the GCS-CEAS.

BRI将开发并演示前端增强腔的气相色谱选择器（GCS） 吸收光谱仪（CEAS）用于快速，准确，选择性，灵敏（0.025 ppbv或更高，使用预先使用前 浓度）测量广泛的挥发性有机碳氢化合物（VOHS） 当前的CEAS技术。 BRI将开发并展示廉价，可重复使用的预集中 样品模块（PSM）收集样品以供以后分析。因此，GCS-CEAS显着扩展了行业 - 领先的CEAS技术功能用于空气质量监测开放许多新应用。 GCS-CEAS适用于具有与其他时间相当或更好的时间响应的移动应用程序 气体分析仪（1-2分钟）。极端天气事件正在增加级联技术的实例 灾难，例如飓风损害基础设施，导致化学释放，从而导致暴露。 GCS-CEAS 解决最终释放的VOH，可以扩展到包括可以通过气体测量的任何气体 色谱法。因此，GCS-CEAS支持灾难响应作为可靠，准确的传感器，可检测 对于急救人员和社区的暴露评估，广泛的有毒气体范围。 GCS-CEAS使用CH4的CEAS快速使用（0.1-2 S时间响应）分析来指导GCS-CEAS数据 收集或PSM收集以供以后分析。 GCS-CEAS可以轻松地适应其他感兴趣的VOH。 设想的移动应用程序适用于汽车，4WD车辆或小型ATV。有直接健康 应用：暴露，呼吸分析，诊断或监测呼出的麻醉剂。 GCS-CEAS将是 可以在商业上访问，需要最少的技术专业知识，维护和校准。 融合移动实时的，GCS-CEAS与档案完整物种形成的聚焦形成将转换 来源监视。 GCS-CEAS可实现固定监视器可以轻松错过或 误解估计暴露。移动数据是快照数据，可以消除大量不确定性 固定数据集，其中运输过程和排放不稳定变得混淆。 我们使用远程PSM样本集合向下风的远程PSM样本收集展示了GCS-CEAS的现场应用 Carson炼油厂可通过台式系统进行完整分析。任务涉及开发和验证 优化模块以满足目标时间响应，准确性，选择性和检测极限和会计 对于H2平衡对CEAS校准的影响。目标GCS-CEAS准确性为5％。 PSM目标检测极限为 BTEX和烷烃在1-3分钟的时间响应下低于25的PPT，类似于荧光分析仪的时间尺度， 每个分析仪仅（有选择地）一个（不是大分子）气体，无法重新任命其他 与GCS-CEAS不同，气体。