Development of Agriculture and Rural Settlements in the Drought Prone Areas, India

印度干旱易发地区的农业和农村住区发展

基本信息

批准号：
01041064
负责人：
FUJIWARA Kenzo
金额：
$ 15.36万
依托单位：
Hiroshima University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01041064/
关键词：
Drought-prone areas Settlement changes Irrigation Rural community Sheduled caste and tribes Effectiveness of development policy Commercial crops Human ecosystems

项目摘要

The objectives of the research is to make a better understanding on the Indian agricultural and rural system, particularly in connection with natural environments in the developing agricultural regions under the Drought Prone Area Program and canal irrigation project in the central India.The research project was conducted from 1989 to 1991 in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra state. Main emphasis of research method was laid on intensive village survey. 6 sample villages were selected from the viewpoint of the development stage and socio-cultural diversity.The result of geographical research works was published under the title of "Recent changes of agriculture and rural settlements in drought prone areas in India". The conclusion is as follows ;(1) As developmental policy measures have frequently tended to be changed by political climate of central government, authorities could not follow its socio-political significance and consequences.(2) Government loans and financial schemes have been sanctioned on a basis of self-innovative efforts of villagers, however infrastructure of village economy have not still been fully fledged enough to put spurt on repercussive development processes.(3) Most villagers have been becoming very sensitive to economic situations and much more marketoriented than ever before. On the other hand, they have tended to get into debt on a alarming level.(4) As most farmers are now improving their socio-economic status, time-honored traditional social organization are becoming gradually disintegrated in recent years.(5) As villagers in less-developed areas, sharing severe environmental conditions compete with each others to utilize land and water resources, devastation and overexploitation is now rapidly under way.

这项研究的目标是对印度农业和农村系统有更好的了解，尤其是在印度中部的自然环境中与发展中的农业地区的自然环境有关。从1989年到1991年，在中央邦和马哈拉施特拉邦。研究方法的主要重点是密集的乡村调查。从开发阶段和社会文化多样性的角度选择了6个样本村庄。地理研究工作的结果是在“最近在印度干旱地区的农业和农村定居点变化的标题”标题。结论如下：（1）由于中央政府的政治氛围经常倾向于改变发展政策措施，当局无法遵循其社会政治意义和后果。（2）政府贷款和财务计划已被认可。村民的自发努力的基础，但是乡村经济的基础设施还没有足够完全逃脱，无法打入充值的发展过程。（3）大多数村民一直对经济状况变得非常敏感，并且比以往任何时候都更加易于营销。。另一方面，他们倾向于以令人震惊的水平偿还债务。（4）由于大多数农民现在正在改善其社会经济地位，因此近年来，持久的传统社会组织正在逐渐瓦解。（5）作为5）在较不发达地区的村民共享严重的环境条件，互相竞争，以利用土地和水资源，破坏和过度开发，现在正在迅速进行。