Characteristics of the wild Japanese macaque population reached to the carrying capacity and mechanisms of population control.

野生日本猕猴种群特征及其承载能力和种群控制机制。

基本信息

批准号：
09640751
负责人：
WATANABE Kunio
金额：
$ 0.77万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The population of wild animals could be controlled by the carrying capacity that natural condition allow them to take enough foods and other needs. It is likely that wild population of Japanese macaques did not reach the maximum density in many districts in the former days. Recently, population increase have been reported from many areas and some population can be regarded as to reach the maximum density allowed in their surrounding environment. The population in the Koshima Island, Shimokita Peninsula, and some other areas where belong to the Field Research Center, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University was examined. The aim of the study is to make clear the characteristics and mechanisms of population control in the relevant environments. The Koshima group have already kept a stable population for these 30 years. Birth ratio decreased and infant mortality increased. Most kin groups have maintained their descendants through these 50 years. However, some subordinate family groups disappeared or rapidly decreasing in number within these ten years. The reason that most population continued until now could be the reflection that large number of females were prepared during the periods when population in the group increased. In the Shimokita peninsula, population increased during these 30 years up to three times from about 200 in 1970 to 750 in 1999. The area shimokita groups distributed became wider and wider as the time passed by. However, southern groups still keep smaller home ranges, 2-3 kmィイD12ィエD1, while northern groups possess wider ranges up to 80 kmィイD12ィエD1. Wild monkey groups are also studied in Yakushima, Johshinetsu and Kiso.

野生动物的种群可以通过自然状况使他们满足足够的食物和其他需求的承载能力来控制。在过去几天，日本猕猴的野生猕猴可能没有达到许多地区的最大密度。最近，许多地区报告了人口的增加，可以认为某些人口达到其周围环境中允许的最大密度。研究了京都大学灵长类动物研究所的Koshima岛，Shimokita Peninsula的人口。该研究的目的是清除相关环境中人口控制的特征和机制。在这30年中，Koshima集团已经保持稳定的人口。出生率降低，婴儿死亡率增加。在这50年中，大多数亲属群体都保持了后代。但是，在这十年内，一些下属家庭群体的数量消失或迅速减少。到目前为止，大多数人口持续的原因可能是在小组人口增加的时期准备大量女性的反思。在Shimokita半岛中，在这30年中的人口增加到了三次，从1970年的大约200年增加到1999年的750。随着时间的流逝，Shimokita群体分布的地区变得更加越来越大。但是，南部团体仍然保持较小的家庭范围，2-3公里，而北部集团的范围为80公里，d12 y。野生猴子团体也在Yakushima，Johnshinetsu和Kiso进行研究。