The Comparative and Empirical Study on Institutional Frameworks for Community-based Developments and Control of Local Environments

社区发展与当地环境控制的制度框架比较与实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
14320018
负责人：
HARADA Sumitaka
金额：
$ 8.13万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Foreign Countries : (1)The common characteristics in both Germany and France our researches revealed are listed bellow (See : Harada/Omura, Current Trends of Contemporary Urban Law,2002).(1)Formation of Compact City with the urban redevelopment projects ;(2)Sustainable development giving importance to the ecological, environmental and landscape conservation ;(3)Emphasis on the social renewal projects of the depressed residential area ;(4)Restructuring of the planning system and legal system for space management, which are able to organize above issues ;(5)Adoption of procedures that stress resident participation and the consultation with them ;(6)Significance of judicial control ensuring due process and appropriate effects ;(2)The summaries of researches in US and UK boil down as follows (See also : Harada/Watanabe, Contemporary Planning and Housing in The United States and Great Britain,2003).In US, as increasing the population, (1)observed are the movements towards new masterplan and urban development solving the sprawl and accommodating the growth of population. (2)New York City strengths the zoning regulations for preservation of the existing streetscape. ; (3)Non-profit housing projects face new dilemmas which involve the partnership with local governments and private sectors ;In UK, (4)whereas the same problem describing in (3)occur, (5)new housing crisis is ongoing in population-increasing London. (6)It has equal importance as German and France how the relationships between central/local governments and community and the issue on resident participation are dealt with. (7)In US and UK, however, how urban policy be able to reconcile the market appear as remarkable issue.2.Japan : There are significant issues we research member study out. (see : References in each fiscal-year-end report). Howsoever, it takes more time to finish writing our proposal, 'Institutional Frameworks available in Japan'.

1.国外：（1）我们的研究揭示的德国和法国的共同特征如下（参见：Harada/Omura，当代城市法的当前趋势，2002）。（1）随着城市再开发形成紧凑城市项目；（2）重视生态、环境和景观保护的可持续发展；（3）重视萧条居住区的社会更新项目；（4）规划体系重构空间管理的法律制度和制度，可以解决上述问题；（5）采取强调居民参与和与居民协商的程序；（6）司法控制确保正当程序和适当效果的意义；（2）总结美国和英国的研究总结如下（另见：Harada/Watanabe，美国和英国的当代规划和住房，2003）。在美国，随着人口的增加，（1）观察到的人口变动制定新的总体规划和城市发展，解决城市扩张问题并适应人口增长。 (2)纽约市加强分区规定以保护现有街景。 ; (3)非营利性住房项目面临新的困境，涉及与地方政府和私营部门的合作；在英国，(4)尽管出现了(3)中描述的相同问题，(5)新的住房危机正在人口中持续存在——增加伦敦。 (6)如何处理中央/地方政府与社区的关系以及居民参与问题与德国、法国同等重要。 (7)然而，在美国和英国，城市政策如何能够协调市场似乎是一个引人注目的问题。2.日本：我们的研究成员研究了一些重大问题。（参见：每个财政年度报告中的参考文献）。然而，需要更多时间来完成我们的提案“日本可用的制度框架”。