Comprehensive Study on the Direction of the Formation of Self Governning Land Use System in Contemporary Japanese Urban Land Law

当代日本城市土地法自治土地使用制度形成方向综合研究

基本信息

批准号：
08302004
负责人：
HARADA Sumitaka
金额：
$ 3.2万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) With regard to the understanding of the total structure of urban land law, we have researched especially on the structural and functional changes of legal system resulted from the recent movements of the deregulation and devolution to local government. Also we have examined the effect of recent changes on the urban and city development. Some results of our research have been published in the special issues of April 1997 and February 1998 of "HORITSU JIHOU" . The followings are some of our results. Firstly recent movements do not strengthen people's power to control the formation of desirable common urban space, in spite of the emphasize of "self decision" and "self liability" . Secondly contents of devolution of urban planning power to local government are limited, comparing with western countries. Thirdly purposes of recent special measures intend to mobile land transaction and stimulate business. Fouthly these changes are not enough to support the direction of the formation of se … More lf governning land use system.(2) From the historical point of view, Japanese urban land law naw faceed a great turning point. The present Japanese urban land laws have inherited characteristics of pre war centralized legal system, established as highly development orientated land law through the period of rapid economic growth f 1960's and 1970's, and produced the "Buble Economy" of 1980's during the self devlopment of land policy. Therefore it is necessary for Japanese urban land law to leave from these historical problems and to establish new social rules for the formation of good housing and living environment in the much stable and matured period.(3) In order to establish new social rule, on the one hand, the Japanes land law have to remove many problems which explained in (1) of this summary, and on the other hand, it is necessary to devolve urban plannning power to local government based on local autonomy and citizens democracy, and to establish logic and the way to realize common and public interest of citizen, and to strengthen peoples power for the formation of good housing and living environment. Less

(1)在对城市土地法总体结构的认识上，我们重点研究了近年来放松管制和向地方政府下放权力所带来的法律体系的结构和功能变化，并考察了其效果。我们的一些研究成果发表在《HORITSU JIHOU》1997 年 4 月和 1998 年 2 月的特刊上。与西方国家相比，尽管强调“自我决策”和“自我责任”，但并未强化人们对形成理想公共城市空间的控制权。近期特别措施的目的旨在流动土地交易和刺激商业。第四，这些变化不足以支撑土地利用制度形成的方向。(2)从历史上看，日本城市土地。法律现在面临着巨大的现行的日本城市土地法继承了战前中央集权法律体系的特征，在20世纪60年代和1970年代经济快速增长时期确立了高度发达的定向土地法，并在1980年代产生了“泡沫经济”。因此，日本城市土地法有必要摆脱这些历史遗留问题，在更加稳定和成熟的情况下，建立新的社会规则，以形成良好的住房和居住环境。（3）为了建立新的社会规则，一方面，日本土地法必须消除本摘要（1）中解释的许多问题，另一方面，有必要将城市规划下放以地方自治和公民民主为基础，赋予地方政府权力，确立实现公民共同利益和公共利益的逻辑和途径，强化人民形成良好住房和居住环境的权力。