Keeping meristems at balance – stem cell maintenance and termination in flowers with two meristem types

保持分生组织平衡 具有两种分生组织类型的花中干细胞的维持和终止

• 批准号: 448534203
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Annette Becker
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Spezielle Botanik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/448534203?language=en
• 关键词: Keeping; meristems; balance; stem; cell

The maintenance of stem cell activity in the floral meristem is required for the establishment of the basic structure of a flower. Only one type of floral meristem exists in the flowers of most plants, from which floral organs initiate successively in a simple, straightforward way generating a whorled arrangement of floral organs. Some plants produce a second, ring-like meristem whose prolonged activity allows the production of stamens even after the central floral meristem ceased in the process of carpel development. This evolutionary novelty leads to a more flexible growth mode allowing adjustment of stamen number until late in flower development.The molecular basis underlying the formation of the ring meristem is unclear, yet it is very likely that ectopic expression, alternative rewiring and patterning of the stem cell determination program is modified. The aim of this project is to obtain mechanistic insights into the development and maintenance of two neighboring meristems. Moreover, we aim to elucidate the molecular base of ring meristem origin. We want to compare two closely related Papaveraceae species, one with (Eschscholzia californica) and one without ring meristem (Pteridophyllum racemosum) regarding 1) genes regulating the stem cell activity of meristems, 2) their expression pattern and genetic functions. In addition, we 3) aim to identify the similarities and differences of the distinct meristem types and 4) want to understand the evolutionary processes leading to the origin of the ring meristem at the molecular scale. We believe that launching this project will significantly improve our understanding of essential biological issues such as “the maintenance of stem cell activity”, “the origin of novel meristem types”, “the molecular basis of flower diversification in basic structure”, and reaches into the basic ecological question addressing the molecular base for resource allocation between male and female reproductive structures.

花分生组织中干细胞活性的维持是花的基本结构的建立所必需的，大多数植物的花中只存在一种类型的花分生组织，花器官以简单直接的方式依次启动并产生。一些植物产生第二个环状分生组织，即使在心皮发育过程中中央花分生组织停止后，其长期活动仍能产生雄蕊。雄蕊数量的调整直到花发育后期。环状分生组织形成的分子基础尚不清楚，但干细胞测定程序的异位表达、替代重连和模式很可能被修改。此外，我们的目标是阐明环状分生组织起源的分子基础，我们想要比较两个密切相关的罂粟科物种。 （Eschscholzia californica）和一种无环分生组织（Pteridophyllum racemosum）关于 1) 调节分生组织干细胞活性的基因，2) 它们的表达模式和遗传功能此外，我们 3) 旨在确定不同的异同。分生组织类型，4）想要在分子尺度上了解导致环状分生组织起源的进化过程，我们相信启动该项目将显着提高我们对诸如此类的基本生物学问题的理解。以“干细胞活性的维持”、“新分生组织类型的起源”、“花基本结构多样化的分子基础”为主题，深入探讨解决雌雄生殖资源分配的分子基础的基本生态问题结构。