Structuring Literature: Variants and Functions of Reflective Passages in Narrative Fiction

结构化文学：叙事小说中反思段落的变体和功能

• 批准号: 424264086
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Anke Holler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Seminar für Deutsche Philologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/424264086?language=en
• 关键词: Structuring; Literature; Variants; Functions; Reflective

"All happy families are alike, each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way," is the first sentence of Tolstoy's "Anna Karenina" and one of the most talked about examples of reflection in fictional literature. Although even lay people distinguish such reflective passages in novels from passages that report actions or describe characters, reflective passages have not yet been established as a research topic in their own right in literary studies. Against this backdrop the project will combine insights from literary studies, linguistics, computational modelling and quantitative as well as qualitative text analysis to (i) elaborate and formalise a comprehensive concept of reflective passage, (ii) identify and classify such reflective passages in narrative fiction and (iii) explain their patterns of occurrence in roughly 350 years of literary history. To this end, the project will build on previous work for identifying reflection automatically in other text types as well as work on detecting related phenomena such as genericity and epistemic status and extend and combine these in a linguistically informed machine learning framework for finding author/narrator-attributed and character-attributed reflective passages in narrative fiction. By applying our models to a large corpus of German literature spanning several centuries, we will be able to identify periods in which reflection was particularly prevalent (“boom periods”). We will also look more closely at two prominent variants of reflective storytelling in literary history: essayistic and encyclopedic narration. We will compare automatically identified essayistic and encyclopedic passages in narrative fiction to non-fictional essays and encyclopedic texts and investigate similarities and differences with respect to style, topic and the epistemic status of clauses in order to identify internal as well as external functions of these passages in relation to the literary works and their socio-cultural context. Our contribution to the overall Priority Program “Computational Literary Studies” consists in (i) operationalizing a basic concept from literary theory by performing a qualitative and quantitative corpus study, (ii) enriching the methodic options to structure literary texts, (iii) developing novel computational models for detecting reflection and related phenomena and demonstrating the usefulness of these algorithmic methods for literary historiography as well as the integration of their results into the qualitative research process, and (iv) creating and releasing a corpus manually annotated for reflection.

托尔斯泰的“安娜·卡雷纳（Anna Karenina）”的第一句话是“所有幸福的家庭都是一样的，每个不快乐的家庭都以自己的方式不高兴，”是虚构文学中最受关注的反思例子之一。尽管即使是外行的人，小说中的这种反思性段落与报告行动或描述角色的段落的段落，但在文学研究中尚未将反思性段落作为研究主题。在此背景下，该项目将结合文学研究，语言学，计算建模和定量以及定性文本分析的见解，以（i）详细概念和格式化反思性段落的全面概念，（ii）在叙事小说中识别并分类了这种反思性段落，并在叙事小说中进行了反思性的段落，并且（iii）在大约350年的文献史上的发生模式。为此，该项目将以先前的工作为基础，用于在其他文本类型中自动识别反思，并在检测相关现象（例如通用和认知状态）上进行工作，并将其扩展并在语言知情的机器学习框架中扩展并结合，以查找作者/叙事者归因于叙事拟拟的作者/叙事者 - 归因于和角色侵蚀的反射性段落。通过将我们的模型应用于跨越几个世纪的大量德国文献，我们将能够确定反射特别普遍的时期（“繁荣时期”）。我们还将更加仔细研究文学史上反思性讲故事的两个突出的变体：散文和百科全书叙事。我们将在叙事小说中自动识别出论文和百科全书段落与非虚构的论文和百科全书文本，并研究有关样式，主题和条款的认知状况的相似性和差异，以便识别这些经文以及与文学工作和社会文化的外部功能以及社会文化的外部功能。我们对总体优先级计划“计算文学研究”的贡献包括（i）通过执行定性和定量语料库研究来运行文学理论中的基本概念，（ii）丰富了结构文学文本的方法选择，（iii）开发新的计算模型，以开发用于检测这些现象的研究，并将其用于这些Algorth satery Assectiatiation的研究的研究，以了解这些方法，并将其用于良好的历史，以便及格，并将其用于良好的方法。过程，以及（iv）创建和释放手动注释以进行反思的语料库。