The self-regulatory and interpersonal consequences of the construal of power

权力解释的自我监管和人际后果

基本信息

批准号：
288701222
负责人：
Professor Dr. Kai Sassenberg
金额：
--
依托单位：
Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien (IWM)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/288701222?language=en
关键词：
self regulatory interpersonal consequences construal

项目摘要

Many social relations are characterized by social power: Some individuals have asymmetric control over resources (e.g., money, information) which other individuals depend on. This applies to societies, academia, public institutions, and other organizations. How does a powerful position alter social behavior? The media and public discussions often display social power as a corruptive force: Power-holders frequently seem to misuse their power to own ends (e.g., to secure personal benefits) while neglecting their responsibility for others. Substantial evidence from power research supports this idea: By providing relative freedom and opportunities, power seems to tempt individuals to act rather selfishly. Yet, there are also many examples of power-holders who seem highly sensitive to others and treat their subordinates considerately. Initial evidence, suggests, indeed, that power can - at times - be exercised responsibly thereby facilitating effective collaboration with subordinates. This highlights the importance of a responsible use of power to ensure organizational performance and the functioning of social relations. To today, however, a theoretical and empirical approach to explain when and how power-holders do become sensitive to others is lacking. The present research proposal addresses this gap. Social power (i.e., asymmetric control over others outcomes) provides the power-holder both with opportunities (e.g., to secure personal benefits) and responsibilities (e.g., to take care of oneself and others). Power-holders can be more or less aware of either of these two sides of power. In other words, high power can be construed (i.e., perceived) differently: as an opportunity or as a responsibility. How power is construed should, in turn, meaningfully impact the sensitivity to others in attention and behavior: Power construed as opportunity implies the experience of freedom and the possibilities to pursue one's current goals. As a consequence, power-holders construing their power as an opportunity should especially focus on and implement action towards the goal at hand (e.g., a current task), at the same time ignoring others' situation. In contrast, power construed as responsibility implies the experience of an inner obligation to take care of, for instance, decisions and those lower in power, in line with relevant standards (e.g., to act in an ethical manner). As such, power construed as responsibility should facilitate sensitivity to others. The present project tests this assumption by integrating construal of power into theories on social power. In doing so, we also investigate self-regulatory mechanisms (i.e., self-regulatory mode and implemental/deliberative mindset) and a moderator (i.e., positive/negative feedback) that may bring about these effects on sensitivity towards others. The project proposes and tests a theoretical framework that, for the first time, explains both potential positive and negative social implications of power.

许多社会关系的特征是社会权力：有些人对资源（例如，金钱，信息）的不对称控制，其他人依赖。这适用于社会，学术界，公共机构和其他组织。强大的立场如何改变社会行为？媒体和公众的讨论经常表现为社会权力作为腐败力量：权力持有人似乎经常滥用自己的权力来拥有目的（例如，以确保个人利益），同时忽略了他们对他人的责任。 Power Research的大量证据支持了这一想法：通过提供相对的自由和机会，权力似乎诱使个人采取自私。然而，也有许多示例的力量持有人似乎对他人高度敏感并考虑了下属。实际上，最初的证据表明，有时可以负责任地行使权力，从而促进与下属的有效合作。这突出了负责使用权力来确保组织绩效和社会关系功能的重要性。然而，到今天，缺乏一种理论和经验的方法来解释何时以及如何对他人敏感的何时以及如何变得敏感。本研究提案解决了这一差距。社会权力（即对他人成果的不对称控制）为权力持有人提供了机会（例如，以确保个人利益）和责任（例如，照顾自己和他人）。权力持有人可能或多或少地意识到这两个电源方面的任何一个。换句话说，高力量可以用不同的方式解释（即感知）：作为机会或责任。反过来，如何解释权力应有意义地影响对他人的注意力和行为的敏感性：权力被解释为机会意味着自由的经验以及追求当前目标的可能性。结果，将权力作为机会的权力持有人应特别关注并实施对目前的目标（例如，当前任务）的行动，同时忽略了他人的情况。相比之下，权力被解释为责任意味着内在义务的经验，例如，根据相关标准（例如，以道德方式行事），采取决策和较低的权力责任的经验。因此，权力解释为责任应促进对他人的敏感性。本项目通过将权力的约束整合到社会权力理论中来测试这一假设。为此，我们还研究了自我调节机制（即自我调节模式和实施/审议思维方式）和主持人（即积极/负面反馈），这可能会对他人敏感。该项目提出并测试了一个理论框架，该框架首次解释了权力的潜在积极和负面的社会影响。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

The Burden of Power: Construing Power as Responsibility (Rather Than as Opportunity) Alters Threat-Challenge Responses

DOI：
10.1177/0146167218757452
发表时间：
2018-03
期刊：
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
影响因子：
4
作者：
Annika Scholl;Frank R C de Wit;N. Ellemers;Adam K. Fetterman;K. Sassenberg;D. Scheepers
通讯作者：
Annika Scholl;Frank R C de Wit;N. Ellemers;Adam K. Fetterman;K. Sassenberg;D. Scheepers

Responsible power-holders: when and for what the powerful may assume responsibility.

负责任的当权者：当权者何时以及为何可以承担责任