Collaborative Research: ECO-CBET: Plasma-Assisted Dehalogenation of Persistent Halogen-Containing Waste Streams

合作研究：ECO-CBET：持久性含卤素废物流的等离子体辅助脱卤

• 批准号: 2318493
• 负责人: Peter Bruggeman
• 金额: $ 84.99万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2027-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2318493&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; ECO; CBET; Plasma

The “take-make-dispose” model for the utilization of halogen-containing compounds has polluted the planet’s water, soil, and air resources. The strong carbon-halogen bonds resulting from halogens being potent oxidants have resulted in a contamination challenge with a daunting legacy. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were globally banned 30 years ago to close the Antarctic ozone hole, persist in the atmosphere. Additionally, there are over 9000 poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) currently contaminating rainwater worldwide, and polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastics account for more than 50% of chlorine found in municipal waste. Today, xenobiotic organohalogen compounds are pervasive: PFAS-contaminated water is consumed by 200 million Americans and PVC is the primary contributor to the nation’s annual dioxin burden, surpassing that of any other industrial product. To address this legacy contamination challenge, a step change solution is required, one that surpasses the limited scope of current thermochemical technologies. In this project, plasma-assisted dehalogenation is proposed as a disruptive solution to this challenge. The project focuses on the use of non-equilibrium plasmas for the degradation and recycling of halogen-containing waste and holds enormous potential for improving human health and preserving the environment. This convergent research project will provide unique opportunities for interdisciplinary STEM education and training and prepare a diverse pipeline of students and researchers to become the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists and engineers. Planned outreach activities involve the development of hands-on activities for K-12 programs, with a focus on at-risk and often underrepresented students. The effort involves partnerships with industry to further technological development and activities that raise awareness among local communities about the pervasive presence of halogen-containing compounds and the associated health and safety challenges they pose.The goal of the research is to probe at a mechanistic level plasma-assisted dehalogenation reaction chemistry and to use these insights to develop innovative processes that make possible recycling of reaction products or the full mineralization of haloginated components. Non-equilibrium plasma refers to a partially ionized gas operating at near ambient temperatures, where only the electrons possess kinetic energies high enough to enable the production of short-lived reactive species which act as initiators for chain reactions of various substrates. This convergent research program leverages the PIs’ expertise in chemical reaction engineering, plasma science, chemical modeling and theory, and environmental engineering to establish a plasma dehalogenation model that will be used to design a reactor for plasma-assisted dehalogenation of waste streams with a focus on PFAS and PVC as two testbed cases. The successful completion of this research will lead to new fundamental scientific insights and engineering solutions contributing to a broader framework for dehalogenating a wide range of waste streams.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

用于利用含卤素化合物的“杀菌剂”模型污染了地球的水，土壤和空气资源。由卤素引起的强大碳 - 释放键是潜在的氧化物，导致了艰巨的遗产构成污染挑战。 30年前被全球禁止以关闭南极臭氧孔的氯氟化合物（CFCS）持续存在。此外，目前在全球范围内污染雨水的9000多种多氟烷基物质（PFA），而聚氯乙烯（PVC）塑料占市政废物中氯的50％以上。如今，异种生物有机体化合物普遍存在：2亿美国人消耗了PFAS污染的水，PVC是该国年度二恶英燃烧的主要贡献者，超过了任何其他工业产品。为了应对这种遗产污染挑战，需要一个步骤更改解决方案，该解决方案表现出当前热化学技术范围有限的范围。在该项目中，提出了等离子体辅助的脱核化作为应对这一挑战的破坏解决方案。该项目着重于使用非平衡等离子体来降解和回收含卤素的废物，并具有改善人类健康和保护环境的巨大潜力。这个融合的研究项目将为跨学科的STEM教育和培训提供独特的机会，并准备多样化的学生和研究人员成为下一代跨学科科学家和工程师。计划的外展活动涉及开发K-12计划的动手活动，重点是高危学生，而且通常代表性不足的学生。这项努力涉及与行业的伙伴关系，以进一步的技术发展和活动，以提高当地社区对含卤素的化合物的普遍存在以及它们所带来的相关健康和安全挑战的认识。该研究的目的是探测机械水平等离子水平辅助的脱离脱盐反应的反应，以使这些洞察力的反应使这些洞察力的反应变得更高，从而使这些洞察力的反应变得更高，以使其对新的反应产生反应，以使其成为现代的反应，以使这些洞察力的反应构成，以使其对新的反应产生洞察力，以使这些洞察力的反应构成，以使其对这些洞察力进行反应，以使其对这些洞察力的反应进行了反应，以使其对新的反应进行了反应。 成分。非平衡等离子体是指在接近环境温度下运行的部分电离气体，在该气温下，只有电子设备具有足够高的动能，以便能够产生短寿命的反应性物种，该物种充当各种底物的链反应的发起人。该收敛研究计划利用PIS在化学反应工程，等离子体科学，化学建模和理论以及环境工程方面的专业知识来建立等离子体脱核模型，该模型将用于设计反应堆，用于等离子体辅助的废物流，重点是PFA和PVC作为两个测试床病例。这项研究的成功完成将导致新的基本科学见解和工程解决方案，从而有助于广泛的废物流。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响评估标准来通过评估来表现出珍贵的支持。