Discerning Boron to Salinity Ratios in Arctic Marginal Ice Zones - BAMZ

辨别北极边缘冰区的硼与盐度比率 - BAMZ

• 批准号: 2227313
• 负责人: Penny Vlahos
• 金额: $ 28.87万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2227313&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Discerning; Boron; Salinity; Ratios; Arctic

The Arctic Ocean has an important role in regulating earth’s climate. Though it is only 3% of the total ocean it takes up 10% of the carbon dioxide we add to the atmosphere every year. Though the Arctic has always had a permanent ice cap, it is shrinking in size and by the year 2040 the permanent summer ice cap will be gone. This implies that there will be an increased intensity in the amount of ice that melts each year and there is little known about how the melting ice will alter Arctic surface water chemistry. This study will sample Arctic Sea ice, snow, and brine to map its chemistry profiles in the eastern Arctic with the goal of making better predictions in the future Arctic environment as the Arctic climate changes. The main focus is on the ice profiles of boron and salinity which have a constant ratio in the open ocean, but this ratio may shift in the marginal ice zone at salinities that are less than 30 g/kg and are freshened by melt. This project will also create lessons that show how we use chemistry to do this work and understand climate.This project joins the Atmospheric rivers and the onset of sea ice melt (ARTofMELT) Expedition on the I/B Oden in May June 2023 to conduct sampling in the marginal ice zone (MIZ), including ice cores and brine. The goal is to discern the boron to salinity ratios of these unique systems and their impact on total alkalinity and uptake of atmospheric CO2. The objectives include; 1) to determine the boron to salinity (B/S) ratios in Arctic sea-ice and brine, 2) to determine the carbonate system parameters in Arctic sea-ice and brine, 3) to compare the profiles of all above parameters in annual vs multi-year ice and brine, 4) to evaluate changes in these parameters over the ice-melt process at a given ice station, and 5) to assess the impact on B/S ratios and total alkalinity in adjacent meltwaters of the MIZ. Intellectual Merit: This study contributes to biogeochemical, physical oceanographic, meteorological and climate change research. The results of the B/S ratios will provide important corrections to total alkalinity analyses in polar regions and improve parameterizations in future Arctic CO2 uptake estimates and modeling efforts. Most notably, this study will provide the first ever boron to salinity profiles in annual ice in this region and the first multiyear ice profiles in any region. In addition, ice and brine profiles of other biogeochemically relevant parameters will be generated. It is expected that the results of this study will provide new insights on the future biogeochemistry of the warming Arctic and Arctic CO2 uptake. Broader Impacts: Ten paired videos (from the cruise) and lesson plans will be generated that target high school and undergraduate chemistry students based on chemical concepts used in this research (equilibrium constants, acidity constants, etc.). Following the cruise these will be posted on the project webpage and shared with PBS Learning Media and other educational resource platforms. All lessons will introduce the theme of Arctic ice loss. Researchers will also continue to work with senior illustration students to create Arctic sea ice retreat themed projects (books, posters, short animations) for the broader public. This project will create opportunities for two female graduate students, one of which will have the opportunity for international collaboration in Boron analysis in Korea, and at least four undergraduate students from minority groups through an REU program and the FirstGen program at University of Connecticut.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

北冰洋在调节地球气候方面发挥着重要作用，尽管它只占海洋总量的 3%，但它却占据了我们每年向大气中排放的 10% 的二氧化碳。它的面积正在缩小，到 2040 年，永久的夏季冰盖将会消失，这意味着每年融化的冰量将会增加，而人们对融化的冰将如何改变北极知之甚少。地表水化学。研究将对北极海冰、雪和盐水进行采样，绘制北极东部的化学剖面图，目的是随着北极气候变化对未来北极环境做出更好的预测。主要重点是冰的硼和盐度剖面。在公海中具有恒定的比例，但在盐度低于 30 g/kg 的边缘冰区，该比例可能会发生变化，并且会因融化而变得清新。该项目还将提供一些经验教训，展示我们如何使用化学来做到这一点。这项工作并了解气候。这个项目2023 年 6 月，加入 I/B Oden 大气河流和海冰融化开始 (ARTofMELT) 探险队，在边缘冰区 (MIZ) 进行采样，包括冰芯和盐水，目的是辨别硼。这些独特系统的盐度比及其对总碱度和大气二氧化碳吸收的影响 目标包括： 1) 确定硼与盐度 (B/S) 的比值。北极海冰和盐水中的碳酸盐系统参数，2) 确定北极海冰和盐水中的碳酸盐系统参数，3) 比较年度与多年冰和盐水中所有上述参数的分布，4) 评估给定冰站的冰融化过程中的这些参数，以及 5) 评估对 MIZ 邻近融水的 B/S 比率和总碱度的影响：这项研究有助于生物地球化学、物理海洋学、气象和气候变化研究的结果将为极地地区的总碱度分析提供重要的修正，并改进未来北极二氧化碳吸收估计和建模工作的参数化。预计将产生该地区年度冰中的第一个硼盐度剖面以及任何地区的第一个多年冰剖面。这项研究将为北极变暖和北极二氧化碳吸收的未来生物地球化学提供新的见解：将根据所使用的化学概念生成十对视频（来自巡航）和课程计划，针对高中和本科化学学生。在本次研究中（平衡常数、酸度常数等），这些内容将发布在项目网页上，并与 PBS 学习媒体和其他教育资源平台共享。研究人员将介绍北极冰损失的主题。还继续与高年级插画学生合作，为更广泛的公众创作北极海冰静修主题项目（书籍、海报、动画短片）。该项目将为两名女研究生创造机会，其中一名将有机会进行国际合作。韩国的硼分析，以及至少四名来自少数群体的本科生通过 REU 项目和康涅狄格大学的 FirstGen 项目进行的研究。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。