WoU-MMA: Inference about Gravitational-Wave Sources and Source Populations

WoU-MMA：关于引力波源和源群的推断

• 批准号: 2012057
• 负责人: Richard O'Shaughnessy
• 金额: $ 30.47万
• 依托单位: Rochester Institute of Tech
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012057&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Inference; about; Gravitational

This award supports research in relativity and relativistic astrophysics and it addresses the priority areas of NSF's "Windows on the Universe" Big Idea. Only a few years ago, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) began a revolution in our understanding of the universe, with the first gravitational wave (GW) observations of coalescing black holes and neutron stars. These ripples in spacetime carry information otherwise hidden from view, enabling unique insight into the most energetic transient phenomena in our universe. Due to ongoing NSF support, gravitational wave observations now accumulate at an ever-increasing pace. Previously unidentified sources are and will be uncovered. Some, like merging neutron stars, can produce associated and distinctive electromagnetic emission. These new sources and populations may push the frontiers of what we predict can happen, or challenge our capability to interpret what did happen. The physical parameters of individual sources can be estimated from observed signals based on approximate predictions of their gravitational wave and/or electromagnetic emission. Likewise, the physics responsible for an individual source or collection of sources can be deduced from their distinctive or well-measured collective properties, based on models for how they form. The goal of this project is to help produce and interpret this new cosmic census, rapidly and reliably identifying new events and populations to inform follow-up observations and modeling.This project has two major activities designed to enable multimessenger observations of GW sources to achieve their immense potential. First, the group will construct and operate high-cadence, low-latency parameter and population inference codes for gravitational wave sources. Principally created for interpreting LIGO's concrete observations, the group will also use these codes to assess and mitigate how much astrophysical conclusions depend on key uncertainties: the presence of matter (versus vacuum); the accuracy of our approximations to general relativity; and the significance of each source, given data quality. Second, the team will develop and employ new phenomenological methods with which to interpret the cosmic multimessenger census, emphasizing physically-parameterized and generative approaches based on detailed physical models. One long-term goal of this project is to help assemble the necessary framework for the discovery and interpretation of new high-impact populations, including high-mass and high-mass-ratio binaries; binary neutron stars; neutron star/black hole binaries; and more exotic populations with distinctive observable signatures in their physical parameters. The group will deliver infrastructure to support rapid parameter estimation and source classification to inform multimessenger followup observations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持相对论和相对论天体物理学的研究，并介绍了NSF“宇宙上的Windows”的优先领域。仅仅几年前，激光干涉仪重力波观测站（LIGO）开始了我们对宇宙的理解的革命，首先是对黑洞和中子恒星的首个引力波（GW）观察。 时空中的这些涟漪带有否则将其隐藏的信息，从而使我们能够对我们宇宙中最有活力的瞬态现象的独特见解。 由于NSF的持续支持，重力波观测现在以不断增长的速度积累。 以前未知的来源已经并且将被发现。 有些，例如合并中子星，可以产生相关且独特的电磁发射。 这些新来源和人口可能会推动我们预测的可能发生的前沿，或者挑战我们解释发生了什么的能力。 可以根据其重力波和/或电磁发射的近似预测从观察到的信号中估算单个来源的物理参数。 同样，基于其形成方式的模型，可以从其独特或良好的集体属性中推导出负责单个来源或来源收集的物理学。 该项目的目的是帮助生产和解释这一新的宇宙人口普查，迅速，可靠地确定新事件和人群，以告知后续观察和建模。该项目有两项主要的活动，旨在实现GW来源的多中途观察，以实现其巨大的潜力。 首先，该组将构建和运行高延迟参数和人口推理，用于重力波源。 主要是用于解释Ligo的具体观察结果，该小组还将使用这些代码来评估和减轻天体物理的结论取决于关键的不确定性：物质的存在（与真空）；我们对一般相对性的近似的准确性；给定数据质量的每个来源的重要性。 其次，该团队将开发并采用新的现象学方法来解释宇宙多通用人口普查，从而根据详细的物理模型强调物理参数化和生成的方法。该项目的一项长期目标是帮助整合发现和解释新的高影响力种群的必要框架，包括高质量和高质量比二元。二进制中子星；中子星/黑洞二进制；以及更多的异国情调人群，其物理参数具有可见的特征。该小组将提供基础架构，以支持快速参数估计和来源分类，以告知多中途的后续观察。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估审查标准来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Testing the black hole no-hair theorem with Galactic Center stellar orbits

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.084006
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: H. Qi;R. O’Shaughnessy;P. Brady

A semianalytic Fisher matrix for precessing binaries with a single significant spin

用于处理具有单个显着自旋的双星的半解析费希尔矩阵

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/ab7199
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Classical and Quantum Gravity
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: O’Shaughnessy, Richard;Nepal, Prakash;Lundgren, A
• 通讯作者: Lundgren, A

Eccentricity estimate for black hole mergers with numerical relativity simulations

• DOI: 10.1038/s41550-021-01568-w
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Nature Astronomy
• 影响因子: 14.1
• 作者: V. Gayathri;J. Healy;J. Lange;B. O'Brien;M. Szczepańczyk;I. Bartos;M. Campanelli;S. Klimenko;C. Lousto;R. O’Shaughnessy

Improving performance for gravitational-wave parameter inference with an efficient and highly-parallelized algorithm

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.024040
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: J. Wofford;A. Yelikar;Hannah Gallagher;E. Champion;D. Wysocki;V. Delfavero;J. Lange;C. Rose;V. Valsan;S. Morisaki;J. Read;C. Henshaw;R. O’Shaughnessy

Impact of subdominant modes on the interpretation of gravitational-wave signals from heavy binary black hole systems

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.101.124054
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Feroz H. Shaik;J. Lange;Scott E. Field;R. O’Shaughnessy;V. Varma;Lawrence E. Kidder;H. Pfeiffer;D. Wysocki