Microbial Consumption of Methanol in a Grassland

草原微生物对甲醇的消耗

• 批准号: 255179679
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Steffen Kolb
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (Otto-Hahn-Institut)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/255179679?language=en
• 关键词: Microbial; Consumption; Methanol; Grassland

Grasslands are substantial global sources of methanol, which is a highly abundant and reactive volatile organic compound (VOC) in the troposphere. However, environmental physiology of soil microorganisms that impact on methanol flux in terrestrial ecosystems has largely not been investigated. Previous work of the applicant suggests that hitherto unknown soil bacteria are involved in ambient methanol oxidation of aerated soil. The proposed project will address aerobic and anaerobic methanol-utilizers (incl. Gram-positive bacteria and fungi) in temperate grassland. It will be tested with four abundant grassland plant species if those are associated with distinct soil and phyllosphere methanol utilizer communities employing stable isotope probing (SIP). Over a vegetation period, methanol flux and transcribed gene markers of active methanol utilizers will be assessed at the investigated grassland, and in a corroborative laboratory experiment the ratio of below-ground and above-ground methanol flux will be resolved. 14C tracer experiments will be used to localize activities in soil and plants. The identities of active anaerobic methanol utilizers will be resolved and their dependence on unusual trace nutrients (rare earth elements) will be experimentally determined. In collaboration with J. Williams (MPI Mainz) and A. Held (University Bayreuth) in situ fluxes of methanol will be measured by proton transfer mass spectrometry (PTR MS) aiming at correlation of flux data with in situ active microorganisms. The proposed work will set the stage for an upscaling of single-species physiology and distribution to ecosystem-level methanol flux in grassland.

草原是全球甲醇的重要来源，甲醇是对流层中含量丰富且具有活性的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)。然而，土壤微生物对陆地生态系统甲醇通量影响的环境生理学在很大程度上尚未得到研究。申请人先前的工作表明迄今未知的土壤细菌参与通气土壤的环境甲醇氧化。拟议项目将解决温带草原需氧和厌氧甲醇利用者（包括革兰氏阳性细菌和真菌）的问题。如果四种丰富的草原植物物种与采用稳定同位素探测（SIP）的不同土壤和叶际甲醇利用群落相关，则将对其进行测试。在一个植被期内，将在所调查的草地上评估活跃甲醇利用者的甲醇通量和转录基因标记，并在确凿的实验室实验中解决地下和地上甲醇通量的比率。 14C示踪剂实验将用于定位土壤和植物中的活动。活跃的厌氧甲醇利用者的身份将得到解决，并且他们对不寻常的微量营养素（稀土元素）的依赖将通过实验确定。将与 J. Williams（MPI 美因茨）和 A. Held（拜罗伊特大学）合作，通过质子转移质谱 (PTR MS) 测量甲醇的原位通量，旨在将通量数据与原位活性微生物相关联。拟议的工作将为单物种生理学和草原生态系统水平甲醇通量的分布升级奠定基础。