Collaborative Research: The Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study: Sustained Biogeochemical, Ecosystem and Ocean Change Observations and Linkages in the North Atlantic (Years 36-40)

合作研究：百慕大大西洋时间序列研究：北大西洋持续的生物地球化学、生态系统和海洋变化观测及联系（36-40年）

• 批准号: 2241456
• 负责人: Michael Lomas
• 金额: $ 80.02万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2028-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2241456&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bermuda; Atlantic; Time

Long-term observations of ocean physics, biology, and chemistry across decades provide a powerful lens for understanding the response of the oceans to environmental change. This award will continue the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) research program, which began in 1988, for another five years. Observations at the BATS site provide crucial information for understanding the ocean’s role in the global climate system and the response of the ocean carbon system and marine ecosystems to climate perturbations. The research goals of the BATS program continue to be to improve our understanding of the time-varying components of the ocean carbon cycle and related elements of interest (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and silica) and to identify the physical, chemical, and ecosystem properties responsible for this variability. The BATS program has substantial and diverse broader impacts, contributing to the field of ocean sciences by providing high-quality ocean observations and a framework in which other researchers can conceive and test hypotheses. In addition, the recent acquisition of the Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences by the Global Futures Laboratory of Arizona State University provides new avenues for educational opportunities and innovation.In the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic Ocean, warming, salinification, deoxygenation, ocean ecosystem changes, and acidification have accelerated their rate of change. Fundamental questions and challenges remain about understanding present and future ocean function, prediction, and modelling. An overarching question for the BATS program is: Will ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystem functioning continue to change in response to the acceleration of ocean warming, salinification, stratification, deoxygenation and acidification? With this question in mind, the sustained goals for the BATS program are: 1. Quantify the role of ocean-atmosphere coupling and climate variability on air-sea exchange of carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon export to the ocean interior; 2. Document trends and controls of the following: (a) the interannual to decadal scale variability in carbon and nutrient cycles and their coupling in the surface and deep ocean via the Redfield Ratio paradigm; and, (b) biological community structure in the oligotrophic North Atlantic Ocean in response to low-frequency climate variability; 3. Quantify the response of planktonic and microbial community structure and function and impact on biogeochemical cycles (including new and export productivity) to variability in surface fluxes (e.g., heat, freshwater and momentum) and physical processes (e.g., mesoscale eddies, Rossby Waves, internal waves); 4. Facilitate development, calibration and validation of next-generation oceanographic sensors, tools and technologies; 5. Generate datasets that can be used by empiricists and modelers to test new hypotheses about North Atlantic Ocean biogeochemistry and ecosystem functioning; 6. Use BATS cruise, infrastructure, laboratory and analytical expertise, and data to improve diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI), education and training programs for BATS staff, STEM-literate students, and future oceanographers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

几十年来，对海洋物理，生物学和化学的长期观察为了解海洋对环境变化的反应提供了强大的视角。该奖项将继续于1988年开始五年的百慕大大西洋时间序列研究（BATS）研究计划。在蝙蝠站点进行的观察提供了重要的信息，以了解海洋在全球气候系统中的作用以及海洋碳系统和海洋生态系统对气候扰动的反应。蝙蝠计划的研究目标继续是提高我们对海洋碳循环的时变成分以及感兴趣的相关元素（例如氮，磷和二氧化硅）的理解，并确定造成这种变异的物理，化学和生态系统特性。蝙蝠计划具有实质性的广播公司的影响，通过提供高质量的海洋观测和其他研究人员可以构想和检验假设的框架来促进海洋科学领域。此外，亚利桑那州立大学全球期货实验室最近收购百慕大海洋科学研究所，为教育机会和创新提供了新的途径。在北大西洋的亚热带循环中，变暖，盐分，脱氧，海洋生态系统变化和酸化加速了它们的变化速度。关于理解当前和未来的海洋功能，预测和建模的基本问题和挑战仍然存在。蝙蝠计划的一个总体问题是：海洋生物地球化学和生态系统的功能是否会继续改变，以响应海洋变暖，盐水，分层，脱氧和酸化的加速度？考虑到这个问题，蝙蝠计划的持续目标是：1。量化海洋 - 大气耦合和气候变异性在二氧化碳二氧化碳（CO2）的交换以及向海洋内部出口碳的作用； 2。记录以下趋势和控制：（a）碳和养分周期的年际与衰老量表变异性及其在地表和深海中的耦合通过Redfield Ratio范式； （b）北大西洋的生物群落结构，以应对低频气候变异性； 3。量化浮游生物和微生物群落的结构和功能以及对生物地球化学周期（包括新的和出口生产力）对表面通量变异性（例如热，淡水和动量）以及物理过程（例如，中镜，中镜，Rossby Wave，内部波）的影响； 4。促进下一代海洋传感器，工具和技术的开发，校准和验证； 5。生成的数据集可以被经验家和建模者使用，以测试有关北大西洋生物地球化学和生态系统功能的新假设； 6.使用蝙蝠巡航，基础设施，实验室和分析专业知识以及数据来改善蝙蝠员工，STEM-LITERATE学生以及未来的海洋学家的多样性，公平与包容性（DEI），教育和培训计划。该奖项反映了NSF的法规任务，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的cribity crietia cripitia criperia criperia cripitia criperia cripitia criperia cripitia cripitia cripitia cripitia criperia均被视为珍贵的支持。