COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: What Controls the Transfer of Diatom Organic Matter to age-0 Pollock Prey in the Bering Sea Ecosystem?

合作研究：是什么控制着白令海生态系统中硅藻有机物向 0 岁狭鳕猎物的转移？

• 批准号: 1603460
• 负责人: Michael Lomas
• 金额: $ 10.9万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-11-01 至 2019-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603460&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; What; Controls; Transfer

The highly productive and economically important Walleye Pollock commercial fishery of the Bering Sea depends on poorly understood food web pathways. Primary producers of organic carbon, notably diatoms, are consumed by large crustacean zooplankton, which, in turn, are consumed by juvenile pollock. The dominant paradigm for the system suggests that understanding changes in the biomass of large crustacean zooplankton can help estimate the survival of juvenile pollock; however, recent data show two orders of magnitude uncertainty in the carbon demand of large crustacean zooplankton. Such uncertainties impact the ability to manage the fishery. A revised model for the system has been proposed that involves consideration of both the quantity and quality of organic matter produced by diatoms and how this would constrain support for the commercial fishery. Before investing in a major field effort to test this approach, this project will assess the expected magnitude of change and associated errors, for diatom organic matter production, including the individual terms that are used to estimate it, i.e. abundance, growth rate, and cell carbon. This effort will be based on laboratory experiments and historical data analysis. The project will contribute to STEM workforce development through partial support for the training of a post-doctoral associate. Undergraduates would be entrained into the science through an REU program at Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences and through the Colby College Semester at Bigelow program. K-12 outreach will be facilitated through participation in the successful and long-standing Dauphin Island Sea Lab Discovery Hall program. Outreach to the general public will be accomplished through a blog, Bigelow?s Café Scientifique, and the Bigelow newsletter. The long-term goal for the research that this project would initiate is improved mechanistic and predictive models for commercial fisheries management.There is no consensus on the mechanistic relationship of where carbon from the lower trophic levels goes in the Bering Sea ecosystem, hence simple proportionality relationships between primary production and fisheries are used routinely. Bottom-up control on age-0 walleye pollock prey, i.e. large crustacean zooplankton (LCZ), could help constrain this coupling between the primary producers and pollock fishery, but there is a two-order-of-magnitude uncertainty in the LCZ carbon demand based on estimates from the Bering Sea Ecosystem Study (BEST). A new conceptual model is required and this project will begin to refine the issue by focusing on diatoms, which have a less patchy distribution than LCZ and are a key prey item of LCZ. A major knowledge gap exists in the understanding of the magnitude of diatom loss processes; the logical next step to understanding the fundamental linkage between primary production and fisheries in the eastern Bering Sea is to answer: what is the proportion of diatom primary production available for supporting higher trophic organisms and with which biogeochemical variables does this covary? Before testing this approach in a field setting, the expected magnitude of change and associated error for diatom organic matter production, including the individual terms that go into that estimate (i.e. abundance, growth rate, cell carbon), must be understood. This project will combine culture studies using diatoms isolated from high-latitude regions with literature and BEST program data to meet this initial objective.

生产力高，经济上重要的角膜白斑波洛克（Pollock）的商业渔业取决于对食物网的了解不足。有机碳的主要生产商，尤其是硅藻，被大型甲壳类烟囱消耗，而少年粉的消耗。该系统的主要范式表明，了解大型甲壳类浮游动物的生物量的变化可以帮助估计少年粉的生存。然而，最近的数据显示，大型甲壳类浮游动物的碳需求中有两个数量级的不确定性。这种不确定性会影响管理渔业的能力。已经提出了一个修订的系统模型，涉及考虑硅藻产生的有机物的数量和质量，以及这将如何限制对商业渔业的支持。在投资于测试这种方法的主要现场努力之前，该项目将评估硅藻有机物生产的预期变化和相关错误的预期幅度，包括用于估计它的单个术语，即丰度，生长速率和细胞碳。这项工作将基于实验室实验和历史数据分析。该项目将通过部分支持对博士后同事的培训来为STEM劳动力发展做出贡献。本科生将通过Bigelow海洋科学实验室和Bigelow计划的Colby College学期将本科生封装在科学中。 K-12将通过参加成功且长期以来的Daupin Island Sea Lab Discovery Hall计划来准备。将通过博客Bigelow'sCaféScientifique和Bigelow新闻通讯来实现向公众的宣传。该项目将启动的研究的长期目标是改善了商业渔业管理的机械和预测模型。在雾化的海洋生态系统中，从较低营养水平的碳从较低的营养水平的机械关系中尚无共识，因此常规使用了初级生产和渔业之间的简单比例关系。自下而上的控制年龄的Walleye Pollock猎物，即大型甲壳类动物（LCZ），可以帮助限制主要生产商和Pollock渔业之间的这种耦合，但是基于LCZ碳需求的两级不确定性，基于Bering Sea Ecosystem研究的估计值（最佳）。需要一个新的概念模型，并且该项目将通过关注硅藻来开始完善问题，而硅藻的分布不如LCZ，并且是LCZ的关键猎物。在理解硅藻损失过程的大小中存在一个主要的知识差距。理解东部白令海主要生产与渔业之间基本联系的下一步是要回答：可用于支持高营养生物的硅硅硅质产量的比例是多少？在现场设置中测试这种方法之前，必须了解硅藻有机物生产的变化幅度和相关误差，包括必须了解该估计值的单个项（即丰度，生长速率，细胞碳）。该项目将使用从高纬度地区分离的硅藻与文献和最佳程序数据相结合的文化研究，以满足这一初始目标。