Collaborative Research: Impact of sea-ice on bottom-up and top-down controls of crustacean zooplankton and the mediation of carbon and energy flow in the eastern Bering Sea

合作研究：海冰对甲壳类浮游动物自下而上和自上而下控制的影响以及东白令海碳和能量流的调节

• 批准号: 1303277
• 负责人: Michael Lomas
• 金额: $ 9.7万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1303277&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Impact; sea; ice

Funds are provided to examine the impact of sea ice on the distribution and abundance of zooplankton, and how they are partitioned among top predators. To this end, new and historical data will be used to test a series of hypotheses and answer questions relating to bottom-up and top-down control of large crustacean zooplankton and their impact on the flow of carbon and energy in the ecosystem. From the examination of these hypotheses, new mechanisms will be derived and old ones re-evaluated. Existing numerical models will be used to assess the relative importance of these mechanisms. Existing conceptual models will be tested, and new conceptual models of carbon and energy flow will be developed. Such a study of the eastern Bering Sea shelf ecosystem is timely. Some of the most direct effects of changing climate will be on sea-ice - its extent, duration, timing of retreat, and inter-annual variability. Sea ice in turn controls ocean temperature/salinity, timing of the spring phytoplankton bloom and thus the extent of export/remineralization of fixed carbon. Crustacean zooplankton can be a choke-point in the flow of carbon and energy through the food chain.The Bering Sea ecosystem provides roughly half the commercial seafood landings in the United States, as well as significant resources for subsistence fishermen. Major fluctuations in these stocks have occurred in the past and been associated with climate variations. Improved management of these important fisheries should be enabled by the understanding derived from this project.

提供了资金来检查海冰对浮游动物的分布和丰度的影响，以及它们如何在顶级捕食者中分配。为此，新的和历史数据将用于检验一系列假设，并回答有关大型甲壳类烟囱的自下而上和自上而下的控制及其对生态系统中碳和能源的影响的问题。通过研究这些假设，将得出新的机制并重新评估旧机制。现有的数值模型将用于评估这些机制的相对重要性。将测试现有的概念模型，并将开发碳和能量流的新概念模型。对东部白令海货架生态系统的这样的研究是及时的。气候变化的一些最直接影响将是对海冰的范围，持续时间，静修时间和年际变化。海冰反过来控制了海洋温度/盐度，春季浮游植物绽放的时机以及固定碳的出口/回忆性程度。甲壳动物浮游生物可能是碳和能源通过食物链流动的窒息点。白令海生态系统在美国提供了大约一半的商业海鲜着陆点，以及生存渔民的大量资源。 这些股票的主要波动发生在过去，与气候变化有关。 这些重要的渔业的管理应通过该项目得出的理解来启用这些重要的渔业。