WoU-MMA: Collaborative Research: Advancing the SuperNova Early Warning System

WoU-MMA：合作研究：推进 SuperNova 早期预警系统

• 批准号: 2209534
• 负责人: Alec Habig
• 金额: $ 7.36万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota Duluth
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209534&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: WoU; MMA; Collaborative; Research; Advancing

The end of the life of a massive star may result in a core collapse that produces a supernova. The energy released in these extreme astrophysical events is primarily carried away in the form of neutrinos produced during the collapse of the core. Since neutrinos interact only weakly with matter, compared to photons, they escape the supernova explosion without delay, arriving at Earth minutes to hours ahead of the optical component of the event. Neutrinos may therefore be harnessed as an early notification of the supernova that may trigger extensive follow-up observations of these relatively rare events within the galactic neighborhood. This award supports a collaborative group of scientists at several institutions to continue upgrading the SuperNovae Early Warning System (SNEWS), a state-of-the-art network between neutrino and dark matter detectors around the globe designed to provide automated prompt alerts of impending supernovae in our galaxy to the astronomical community. The team, consisting of experimentalists and phenomenologists with expertise in supernova physics, will develop optimizations to the SNEWS 2.0 system to enhance the detection capabilities. The awarded activities include the development of a follow-up strategy involving the amateur astronomer community, as well as a topical multi-lingual planetarium show developed for world-wide distribution.The onset of the next Galactic core-collapse supernova will be a rare opportunity to advance knowledge in both multi-messenger astrophysics and fundamental physics. The SNEWS program provides the means to observe a galactic supernova in neutrinos and, due to the early alarm, the onset of the supernova light curve. Benchmarking of the system components via a series of realtime readiness tests will improve the network’s robustness, performance and capabilities. Building on the existing network architecture for multi-messenger astronomy, the updated system will provide the ability to identify bursts of pre-supernova and supernova neutrinos, and therefore enhance the ability to localize the neutrino arrival directions for electromagnetic follow-up. This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大质量恒星生命的终结可能会导致核心塌缩，从而产生超新星。这些极端天体物理事件中释放的能量主要以核心塌缩过程中产生的中微子的形式消失。与光子相比，中微子可以毫不拖延地逃离超新星爆炸，比事件的光学成分提前几分钟到几小时到达地球，因此可以利用中微子作为超新星爆发的早期通知，从而引发广泛的超新星爆发。对银河系附近这些罕见的相对事件的后续观测该奖项支持多个机构的科学家合作小组继续升级超新星早期预警系统（SNEWS），这是一个介于中微子和暗物质之间的最先进的网络。全球各地的物质探测器旨在向天文学界提供银河系即将发生的超新星自动提示警报。该团队由具有超新星物理学专业知识的实验学家和现象学家组成，将对 SNEWS 进行优化。 2.0系统以增强探测能力。获奖活动包括制定涉及业余天文学家社区的后续战略，以及为全球发行而开发的主题多语言天文馆节目。 - 塌缩超新星将是推进多信使天体物理学和基础物理学知识的难得机会，SNEWS 计划提供了观察中微子中的银河超新星的手段，并且由于早期的研究。通过一系列实时准备测试对系统组件进行基准测试，以提高网络的稳健性、性能和功能。基于现有的多信使天文学网络架构，更新后的系统将提供识别前超新星和超新星中微子爆发的能力，从而增强定位中微子到达方向以进行电磁跟踪的能力。该项目推进了 NSF Windows 的目标。宇宙大创意。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。