CAREER: CAS- Climate: Improving the Participation of Diverse Residential Buildings in Demand Side Management

职业：CAS-气候：提高多样化住宅建筑对需求侧管理的参与

• 批准号: 2144468
• 负责人: Kristen Cetin
• 金额: $ 50.85万
• 依托单位: Michigan State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2027-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2144468&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; CAS; Climate; Improving; Participation

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). As major consumers of energy and therefore a significant source of climate-impacting emissions, buildings are a prime target for improvements to support decarbonization goals. Grid-interactive buildings can support achieving such targets through acting as flexible loads in energy, capacity, and more recently, ancillary service electric grid markets. Such demand side management (DSM) strategies can reduce overall electricity needs, and support increased use of renewable energy. However, current building energy modeling methods are not well adapted to estimate DSM potential, as they do not represent the highly varied occupancy, internal load consumption behaviors, and energy preferences and priorities across U.S. households, nor do they consider their interdependencies. Rather, current methods model occupancy and internal loads independently, and assume “typical” schedules for all households regardless of their demographics. These limitations and generalizations are a problem as their use can result in solutions that misrepresent DSM participation and disproportionally benefit different populations. The extent to which variations in socioeconomic variables influence DSM potential, and how this can be appropriately modeled is not yet established in the current literature. Consequently, the overarching goal of this research is to develop an integrated framework to assess the DSM potential of diverse residential households, specifically targeting underserved, lower-income urban, rural, and remote populations. The primary educational goal is to educate the existing and future workforce in sustainable, smart buildings and demand side management. The developed educational tools, resources, and videos will address barriers to DSM participation, and support stakeholders implementing DSM. The effort includes three research goals: Develop models that consider the impact of socioeconomic factors on (R1) the maximum DSM potential of U.S. residential households, and (R2) willingness to participate in DSM and its relationship to occupancy and energy consumption patterns; (R3) validate the developed DSM scenarios through controlled laboratory testing to address potential occupant comfort barriers to DSM participation. The project will result in better estimates of DSM potential of residential buildings, with particular insights for low-income, energy burdened households, as well as a framework that can be used to evaluate DSM potential. This will support greater and more equitable DSM participation, also resulting in potential substantial environmental benefits. The educational effort will target three groups, the younger workforce, the future workforce, and the broader public with two main objectives: (E1): Emerging Workforce: Develop a smart, grid-interactive building certificate program, and training materials, targeted at students and emerging professionals. (E2a) Preschool/Elementary School Students and (E2b) Broader Public: Address misconceptions and barriers to engaging in sustainability and efficiency, through the development, testing, and dissemination of Mythbusters-style videos, curriculum materials, and case studies. The multi- faceted educational efforts will support all ages of students who make up the future workforce, as well as instructors that teach them. A certificate program will help reduce professional barriers to minorities in the workforce pipeline. Preschool/elementary programs will help increase awareness about sustainability, and encourage development of problem solving skills.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金来源于《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）。作为能源的主要消费者，因此也是影响气候的排放的重要来源，建筑物是支持改善的主要目标。电网互动建筑可以通过充当能源、容量以及最近的辅助服务电网市场的灵活负载来支持实现这些目标，这样的需求侧管理（DSM）策略可以减少总体电力需求并支持。然而，当前的建筑能源建模方法并不能很好地适应 DSM 的潜力，因为它们不能代表美国家庭的不同使用情况、内部负荷消耗行为以及能源偏好和优先事项，也没有考虑到相反，当前的方法独立地对占用率和内部负载进行建模，并假设所有家庭的“典型”时间表，而不管其人口统计数据如何。这些局限性和概括是一个问题，因为它们的使用可能会导致解决方案歪曲 DSM 的参与和情况。目前的文献尚未确定社会经济变量的变化对 DSM 潜力的影响程度以及如何对其进行适当建模，但本研究的首要目标是开发一个综合框架来评估 DSM 的潜力。多样化住宅家庭的 DSM 潜力，特别针对服务不足、低收入的城市、农村和偏远人口。 主要教育目标是对现有和未来的劳动力进行可持续、智能建筑和需求侧管理方面的教育。 ，视频将解决障碍DSM 参与，并支持利益相关者实施 DSM。这项工作包括三个研究目标：开发模型，考虑社会经济因素对 (R1) 美国住宅家庭最大 DSM 潜力的影响，以及 (R2) 参与 DSM 的意愿及其关系。占用和能源消耗模式；（R3）通过受控实验室测试验证开发的 DSM 方案，以解决参与 DSM 的潜在住户舒适度障碍。该项目将更好地估计住宅建筑的 DSM 潜力，特别是针对低收入群体的见解。 ,能源负担重的家庭，以及可用于评估 DSM 潜力的框架，这将支持更广泛、更公平的 DSM 参与，并带来潜在的巨大环境效益。教育工作将针对三个群体：年轻劳动力和未来。劳动力和更广泛的公众，有两个主要目标：(E1)：新兴劳动力：针对学生和新兴专业人员开发智能、网格交互式建筑证书计划和培训材料。 E2b)更广泛的公众：通过开发、测试和传播《流言终结者》式的视频、课程材料和案例研究，消除参与可持续发展和效率的误解和障碍。多方面的教育工作将为所有年龄段的学生提供支持。未来的劳动力以及教授他们的教师将有助于减少学前班/小学项目中少数族裔的专业障碍，有助于提高对可持续发展的认识，并鼓励发展解决问题的技能。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的成果。法定的使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。