Collaborative Research: Adaptive, Multi-Layered Fenestration Elements for Optimum Building Energy Performance and Occupant Comfort

合作研究：自适应多层门窗元件，以实现最佳建筑能源性能和居住者舒适度

• 批准号: 1762592
• 负责人: Kristen Cetin
• 金额: $ 27.55万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2020-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1762592&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Adaptive; Multi; Layered

As buildings work towards reducing energy demands, while maintaining a both thermally and visually comfortable environment for occupants, fenestrations (i.e. windows) are a key influential component in this effort. Fenestrations allow for natural daylight and outdoor views, but also represent the least thermally efficient portion of the building envelope, as well as a source of unwanted discomfort glare and direct sunlight. A multi-layered, dynamically-operated fenestration system that can be installed in new buildings or retrofitted for an existing building will address building energy use and occupant comfort needs under a diverse range of climate conditions. The project will explore the theoretical and practical challenges for the building industry to develop a model for the performance of dynamic fenestration designs to enhance building energy sustainability and human health. To encourage exchanging of ideas internationally, the research team will collaborate with European colleagues through the European Commission Horizon 2020 PLUG-N-HARVEST project. In addition, instructional and interdisciplinary research opportunities will be provided for graduate and undergraduate students of civil, mechanical, and materials engineering to serve a vital need, particularly from existing buildings. This research will lay the theoretical and practical foundations for the intelligent control and operations of smart and energy efficient fenestrations by developing an adaptive, multi-layered solution. This includes: (a) a dual-band, continuous-state electrochromic glazing applied to the window exterior in a matrix pattern to enable localized control, (b) a motorized and dynamically-operated shading device, and (c) a novel, multi-physics model-based adaptive control framework, with the goal of balancing a range of building energy consumption and occupant thermal and visual comfort priorities in real time. The exterior 2-dimensional electrochromic glazing array combined with a second dynamic layer on the fenestration interior provides the ability to address localized occupant visual comfort challenges, and allows for a broader range of capabilities to control solar heat gains, while addressing differences in occupant comfort criteria. The model framework solution will be tested and evaluated using simulations, and a full-scale testbed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着建筑物努力减少能源需求，同时为居住者维持一个热和视觉舒适的环境，开窗（即窗户）是这一努力的关键影响因素。开窗允许自然采光和户外景观，但也代表了建筑围护结构热效率最低的部分，也是令人不舒服的眩光和直射阳光的来源。多层、动态操作的开窗系统可以安装在新建筑中或对现有建筑进行改造，将满足各种气候条件下的建筑能源使用和居住者的舒适度需求。该项目将探讨建筑行业面临的理论和实践挑战，开发动态开窗设计性能模型，以提高建筑能源可持续性和人类健康。 为了鼓励国际思想交流，研究团队将通过欧盟委员会 Horizo​​n 2020 PLUG-N-HARVEST 项目与欧洲同事合作。此外，还将为土木、机械和材料工程专业的研究生和本科生提供教学和跨学科研究机会，以满足迫切需求，特别是现有建筑的需求。 这项研究将通过开发自适应的多层解决方案，为智能节能门窗的智能控制和操作奠定理论和实践基础。这包括：（a）以矩阵模式应用于窗户外部的双波段、连续状态电致变色玻璃，以实现局部控制，（b）电动和动态操作的遮阳装置，以及（c）一种新颖的多-基于物理模型的自适应控制框架，目标是实时平衡一系列建筑能耗以及居住者的热和视觉舒适度优先级。外部二维电致变色玻璃阵列与开窗内部的第二个动态层相结合，能够解决局部乘员视觉舒适度挑战，并允许更广泛的功能来控制太阳热量增益，同时解决乘员舒适度标准的差异。该模型框架解决方案将使用模拟和全面的测试台进行测试和评估。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。