CAS-Climate: CAREER: A Unified Zero-Carbon-Driven Design Framework for Accelerating Power Grid Deep Decarbonization (ZERO-ACCELERATOR)

CAS-气候：职业：加速电网深度脱碳的统一零碳驱动设计框架（零加速器）

• 批准号: 2338158
• 负责人: Jian Shi
• 金额: $ 50.09万
• 依托单位: University of Houston
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-03-01 至 2029-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2338158&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAS; Climate; CAREER; Unified; Zero

This NSF CAREER project aims to establish a transformative and convergent zero-carbon-driven framework to add the urgently needed carbon perspective into the design, operation, and control of electric power systems. The project will bring transformative changes to electric power systems, which are heavily dependent on fossil fuels and carbon-intensive processes. This will be achieved by developing and integrating new carbon-driven mechanisms, methodologies, and algorithms into the existing power grid operation paradigm to accelerate its decarbonization. The intellectual merits of the project include: 1) A mathematical framework to model carbon allowance allocation and forward emission trading, 2) the hypothesis of a carbon balance market as a spot market mechanism for maintaining continuous grid cleanliness, 3) load profile-based carbon accounting and forecasting methods, paired with an integrated electricity-carbon digital twin, 4) a game theoretic carbon response program to maximize demand-side carbon reduction. The broader impacts of the project include: 1) Providing an integrative blueprint for policymakers, electricity producers, grid operators, and consumers regarding their respective roles in expediting the decarbonization of the electric power sector, 2) addressing the current knowledge gap and raising awareness of energy transition within the U.S. workforce and classrooms, and 3) strengthening Houston's leadership in the global energy transition.Outdated assets, well-established regulatory structures, and rigid operational requirements make power system decarbonization challenging. This project aims to establish an urgently needed carbon-driven framework to align with the U.S. government’s commitment to fully decarbonize the power sector by 2035, while maintaining its desired operational characteristics and societal responsibilities. The project will answer the following key research questions: 1) How to design an effective carbon allowance assignment strategy to incentivize emission reduction actions without imposing excessive costs on ratepayers? 2) How can new emission trading mechanisms be integrated into the existing electricity market to facilitate efficient carbon exchange? 3) How can the carbon impacts of consumers' electricity consumption activities be accurately measured and forecasted, and how to design demand-side mechanisms for demand-driven carbon reduction? The project will also train the next-generation energy workforce, and prepare them to understand, engage in, and ultimately, lead the energy transition.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个NSF职业项目旨在建立一个变革性和收敛性的零碳驱动框架，以将急需的碳视野添加到电力系统的设计，操作和控制中。该项目将为电力系统带来变革性的变化，电力系统在很大程度上取决于化石燃料和碳密集型工艺。这将通过将新的碳驱动机制，方法和算法整合到现有的电网操作范式中以加速其脱碳化来实现。 The intellectual merits of the project include: 1) A mathematical framework to model carbon allowance allocation and forward emission trading, 2) the hypothesis of a carbon balance market as a spot market mechanism for maintaining continuous grid cleanliness, 3) load profile-based carbon accounting and forecasting methods, paired with an integrated electric-carbon digital twin, 4) a game theoretic carbon response program to maximize demand-side carbon reduction. The broadcaster impacts of the project include: 1) Provide an integrated blueprint for policymakers, electric producers, grid operators, and consumers regarding their respective roles in expediting the decarbonization of the electric power sector, 2) addressing the current knowledge gap and raising awareness of energy transition within the U.S. workforce and classrooms, and 3) strengthening Houston's leadership in the global energy transition.Outdated assets, well-established监管结构和严格的操作要求使电力系统脱碳挑战。该项目旨在建立一个急需的碳驱动框架，以与美国政府在2035年完全脱碳的承诺，同时保持其所需的运营特征和社会责任。该项目将回答以下关键研究问题：1）如何设计有效的碳津贴分配策略以激励减排措施而不对纳税人施加超额成本？ 2）如何将新的排放交易机制集成到现有的电力市场中以促进有效的碳交换？ 3）如何准确测量和预测消费者电力消耗活动的碳影响，以及如何为减少需求驱动的碳设计需求侧机制？该项目还将培训下一代能源劳动力，并准备他们理解，参与并最终领导能源过渡。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来通过评估来获得珍贵的支持。