Collaborative Research: Quantitative Reconstructions of Last Millennium Hydroclimate and Temperature from the Tropical High Andes

合作研究：热带安第斯山脉上千年水文气候和温度的定量重建

• 批准号: 2103041
• 负责人: Mathias Vuille
• 金额: $ 9.59万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103041&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Quantitative; Reconstructions; Last

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Glaciated mountain ranges in the Earth’s tropical regions provide critical freshwater resources to local and downstream communities and support richly diverse ecosystems. Yet warming at high elevations (12,000’) is expected to amplify in the future, with the disappearance of many glaciers projected by the mid-21st century. The Cordillera Vilcanota (Peru) is the second largest glacierized mountain range in the Andes, is home to world’s second-largest tropical ice cap, Quelccaya and is a principal source of the Amazon River. However, because instrumental records are sparse, variations in temperature and precipitation prior to the late 20th century are poorly constrained. This project will reconstruct patterns of temperature and moisture availability over the past several centuries using two closely-situated but distinct climate archives: lake/peat sediments and ice cores. Lake and peat sediments accumulate over time, preserving biological and chemical indicators of past temperature and precipitation. Project deliverables include climate reconstructions from well-instrumented Andean lakes and peats, which will imporve the utility of biomarker-based temperature proxies, and enhanced leaf wax and ice cory proxy system models. This project will also support efforts to broaden participation from underrepresented groups in STEM and to develop K-12 educational resources, including development of climate change education modules for high schools, and providing hands-on workshops, training and experiential learning opportunities.Researchers will analyze sediments from sites in and around Lake Sibinacocha (16,043’) and use lake and ice models, calibrated using existing instrumental measurements, to compare these reconstructions to Quelccaya Ice Cap (QIC) ice cores. Results will provide validation and information on air temperature, lake temperature, and moisture changes as the high Andes transitioned from a cold period (the Little Ice Age) to the industrial period. Climate model simulations of the past 1,000 years will contextualize the extent to which these changes were driven by remote processes such as the South American Summer Monsoon and sea surface temperature variations in the tropical Pacific, putting current Andean climate change into a long-term historical context. Data will be generated to reconstruct precipitation δD (δDprecip) from leaf waxes, temperature from glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), and runoff and precipitation/evaporation from lithologic, bulk geochemical, and paleoecological sensors. Temperature reconstructions will be compared from glacial and non-glacial lakes and peatlands, and air/lake temperature relationships will be quantified using an energy balance model. Proxy system models (PSM) will be used to evaluate the sensitivity of δ18Oprecip, δDprecip, and δDwetland reconstructions from ice cores and sediments to seasonal and mean annual climate variables. Forced responses vs. internal variability will be investigated with isotope-enabled Last Millennium simulations. Because δ18Oice and δDwax both track the stable isotopic composition of precipitation but with differing sensitivities to humidity, evaporation, and seasons of deposition/ablation, the project’s dual-PSM approach will allow multiproxy reconstructions of δ18Oprecip, δDprecip, and temperature while providing new constraints on local evaporative conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金根据《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）提供。地球热带地区的冰川山脉为当地和下游提供了重要的淡水资源，并支持丰富多样的生态系统，但也导致社区变暖。预计到 21 世纪中叶，高海拔地区（12,000 英尺）的冰川将会消失。维尔卡诺塔（秘鲁）是安第斯山脉第二大冰川山脉，是世界第二大热带冰盖奎尔卡亚的所在地，也是亚马逊河的主要源头。然而，由于仪器记录稀疏，温度和降水量存在差异。该项目将利用两个位置紧密但截然不同的气候档案：湖泊/泥炭沉积物和冰，重建过去几个世纪的温度和湿度可用性模式。湖泊和泥炭沉积物随着时间的推移而积累，保留了过去温度和降水的生物和化学指标，项目可交付成果包括利用仪器齐全的安第斯湖泊和泥炭进行气候重建，这将提高基于生物标记的温度代理的实用性，并增强叶子。蜡和冰芯代理系统模型该项目还将支持扩大 STEM 中代表性不足群体的参与并开发 K-12 教育资源，包括为高中开发气候变化教育模块，并提供实践研讨会、培训和体验式学习机会。研究人员将分析锡比纳科查湖 (16,043') 及其周围地点的沉积物，并使用湖泊和冰模型（使用现有仪器测量进行校准），将这些重建结果与奎尔卡亚冰盖 (QIC) 进行比较结果将提供安第斯山脉高地从寒冷时期（小冰河时代）过渡到工业时期的气温、湖泊温度和湿度变化的验证和信息。过去1000年的数据将说明这些变化在多大程度上是由南美夏季季风和热带太平洋海面温度变化等远程过程驱动的，将当前的安第斯气候变化置于长期的历史背景中。生成用于重建来自叶蜡的降水 δD (δDprecip)、来自甘油二烷基甘油四醚 (GDGT) 的温度以及来自岩性、整体地球化学和沉积物的径流和降水/蒸发。古生态传感器。将比较冰川和非冰川湖泊和泥炭地的温度重建，并使用能量平衡模型（PSM）量化空气/湖泊温度关系，以评估 δ18Oprecip、δDprecip 的敏感性。 ，以及从冰芯和沉积物到季节性和平均年度气候变量的 δD 湿地重建将被研究。由于 δ18Oice 和 δDwax 均跟踪降水的稳定同位素组成，但对湿度、蒸发和沉积/消融季节的敏感性不同，因此该项目的双 PSM 方法将允许对 δ18Oprecip、δDprecip 进行多代理重建。和温度，同时对当地蒸发条件提供新的限制。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定规定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Interdecadal variability of the austral summer precipitation over the Central Andes

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.954954
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 作者: Juan C. Sulca;M. Vuille;B. Dong

South American Summer Monsoon variability over the last millennium in paleoclimate records and isotope-enabled climate models

古气候记录和同位素气候模型中过去千年南美夏季季风的变化

• DOI: 10.5194/cp-18-2045-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Climate of the Past
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Orrison, Rebecca;Vuille, Mathias;Smerdon, Jason E.;Apaéstegui, James;Azevedo, Vitor;Campos, Jose Leandro;Cruz, Francisco W.;Della Libera, Marcela Eduarda;Stríkis, Nicolás M.
• 通讯作者: Stríkis, Nicolás M.

Extreme austral winter precipitation events over the South-American Altiplano: regional atmospheric features

南美高原上空的极端南方冬季降水事件：区域大气特征

• DOI: 10.1007/s00382-022-06240-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Climate Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Segura, Hans;Espinoza, Jhan Carlo;Junquas, Clementine;Lebel, Thierry;Vuille, Mathias;Condom, Thomas
• 通讯作者: Condom, Thomas