Collaborative Research: Quantitative Reconstructions of Last Millennium Hydroclimate and Temperature from the Tropical High Andes

合作研究：热带安第斯山脉上千年水文气候和温度的定量重建

• 批准号: 2103041
• 负责人: Mathias Vuille
• 金额: $ 9.59万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103041&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Quantitative; Reconstructions; Last

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Glaciated mountain ranges in the Earth’s tropical regions provide critical freshwater resources to local and downstream communities and support richly diverse ecosystems. Yet warming at high elevations (12,000’) is expected to amplify in the future, with the disappearance of many glaciers projected by the mid-21st century. The Cordillera Vilcanota (Peru) is the second largest glacierized mountain range in the Andes, is home to world’s second-largest tropical ice cap, Quelccaya and is a principal source of the Amazon River. However, because instrumental records are sparse, variations in temperature and precipitation prior to the late 20th century are poorly constrained. This project will reconstruct patterns of temperature and moisture availability over the past several centuries using two closely-situated but distinct climate archives: lake/peat sediments and ice cores. Lake and peat sediments accumulate over time, preserving biological and chemical indicators of past temperature and precipitation. Project deliverables include climate reconstructions from well-instrumented Andean lakes and peats, which will imporve the utility of biomarker-based temperature proxies, and enhanced leaf wax and ice cory proxy system models. This project will also support efforts to broaden participation from underrepresented groups in STEM and to develop K-12 educational resources, including development of climate change education modules for high schools, and providing hands-on workshops, training and experiential learning opportunities.Researchers will analyze sediments from sites in and around Lake Sibinacocha (16,043’) and use lake and ice models, calibrated using existing instrumental measurements, to compare these reconstructions to Quelccaya Ice Cap (QIC) ice cores. Results will provide validation and information on air temperature, lake temperature, and moisture changes as the high Andes transitioned from a cold period (the Little Ice Age) to the industrial period. Climate model simulations of the past 1,000 years will contextualize the extent to which these changes were driven by remote processes such as the South American Summer Monsoon and sea surface temperature variations in the tropical Pacific, putting current Andean climate change into a long-term historical context. Data will be generated to reconstruct precipitation δD (δDprecip) from leaf waxes, temperature from glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs), and runoff and precipitation/evaporation from lithologic, bulk geochemical, and paleoecological sensors. Temperature reconstructions will be compared from glacial and non-glacial lakes and peatlands, and air/lake temperature relationships will be quantified using an energy balance model. Proxy system models (PSM) will be used to evaluate the sensitivity of δ18Oprecip, δDprecip, and δDwetland reconstructions from ice cores and sediments to seasonal and mean annual climate variables. Forced responses vs. internal variability will be investigated with isotope-enabled Last Millennium simulations. Because δ18Oice and δDwax both track the stable isotopic composition of precipitation but with differing sensitivities to humidity, evaporation, and seasons of deposition/ablation, the project’s dual-PSM approach will allow multiproxy reconstructions of δ18Oprecip, δDprecip, and temperature while providing new constraints on local evaporative conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》的全部或部分资助的（公共法117-2）。地球热带地区的山区山脉为地方和下游社区提供了关键的淡水资源，并支持丰富的潜水生态系统。然而，预计将来会在高海拔高度（12,000'）处放大，随着21世纪中叶预测的许多冰川的消失。 Cordillera Vilcanota（秘鲁）是安第斯山脉第二大冰川山脉，是世界第二大热带冰盖Quelccaya的所在地，是亚马逊河的主要来源。但是，由于工具记录很少，因此在20世纪后期之前的温度和降水的变化受到限制。该项目将使用两个紧密的气候档案：湖泊/泥炭沉积物和冰芯重建过去几个世纪的温度和水分可用性模式。湖泊和峰值沉积物会随着时间的流逝而积聚，保留了过去温度和降水的生物学和化学指标。项目可交付成果包括备受瞩目的安第斯山脉湖泊和果皮的气候重建，这将使基于生物标志物的温度代理的效用以及增强的叶蜡和冰cory cory代理系统模型。该项目还将支持努力扩大STEM中代表性不足的群体的参与并开发K-12的教育资源，包括开发高中气候变化教育模块，并提供动手的研讨会，培训和专家学习机会。研究人员将分析来自Sibinacocha和Sibibibrection and Calibre calibre calibre calibre calibre calibre calibre calibre calibre calible of Calibre calible of Calibre calible of Calibre的沉积物到Quelccaya冰盖（QIC）冰芯。结果将提供有关空气温度，湖泊温度和水分的验证和信息，因为高高的安第斯山脉从寒冷的时期（小冰河时代）转变为工业时期。过去1000年的气候模型模拟将使这些变化受到远程过程的驱动程度，例如南美夏季季风和热带太平洋地区的海面温度变化，使当前的安第斯攀登变化成为长期的历史环境。将生成数据，以重建来自叶蜡的沉淀ΔD（ΔDprecip），甘油对二甲基甘油的温度（GDGTS），径流，径流和沉淀/蒸发，来自岩性，散装地球化学和古生物学传感器。将比较冰川和非冰川湖泊和山峰地的温度重建，并使用能量平衡模型来量化空气/湖泊温度关系。代理系统模型（PSM）将用于评估从冰块和沉积物到季节性和平均气候变量的Δ18opreCIP，ΔDprecip和ΔDwetland重建的灵敏度。强制响应与内部变异性将通过上千年模拟进行研究。因为Δ18OICE和ΔDWAX都跟踪降水的稳定同位素组成，但对湿度，蒸发和沉积/消融季节的敏感性不同，该项目的双PSM方法将允许对Δ18PROPRECIP的多氧复发，同时提供ΔDprecip，ΔDprecip和温度，同时提供新的统计范围。使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估被认为是宝贵的支持。

项目成果

Interdecadal variability of the austral summer precipitation over the Central Andes

• DOI: 10.3389/feart.2022.954954
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 作者: Juan C. Sulca;M. Vuille;B. Dong

South American Summer Monsoon variability over the last millennium in paleoclimate records and isotope-enabled climate models

古气候记录和同位素气候模型中过去千年南美夏季季风的变化

• DOI: 10.5194/cp-18-2045-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Climate of the Past
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Orrison, Rebecca;Vuille, Mathias;Smerdon, Jason E.;Apaéstegui, James;Azevedo, Vitor;Campos, Jose Leandro;Cruz, Francisco W.;Della Libera, Marcela Eduarda;Stríkis, Nicolás M.
• 通讯作者: Stríkis, Nicolás M.

Extreme austral winter precipitation events over the South-American Altiplano: regional atmospheric features

南美高原上空的极端南方冬季降水事件：区域大气特征

• DOI: 10.1007/s00382-022-06240-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Climate Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Segura, Hans;Espinoza, Jhan Carlo;Junquas, Clementine;Lebel, Thierry;Vuille, Mathias;Condom, Thomas
• 通讯作者: Condom, Thomas