Drivers of Antarctic Krill Reproductive Output

南极磷虾繁殖能力的驱动因素

• 批准号: 2038145
• 负责人: Kim Bernard
• 金额: $ 68.05万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-15 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2038145&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Drivers; Antarctic; Krill; Reproductive; Output

Warming at the northern Antarctic Peninsula is causing fundamental changes in the marine ecosystem. Antarctic krill are small shrimp-like animals that are most abundant in that area. They are also an essential part of the marine food web of the waters surrounding Antarctica. Meanwhile, a rapidly growing international fishery has developed for krill. Understanding changes in krill populations is therefore critical both to the management of the fishery and the ability of scientists to predict changes in the Antarctic marine ecosystem. This project will have two broader societal impacts. First, the project will support the training of students for careers in oceanography. The students will be recruited from underrepresented groups in an effort to increase diversity, equity and inclusion in STEM. Second, results from this project will develop improved population models, which are essential for the effective management of the Antarctic krill fishery. In collaboration with US delegates on the Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources, the researchers will produce a report outlining the key findings from the study.Effective population modeling relies on empirical and theoretical understanding of how environment drives krill reproduction. There are two critical egg development stages in Antarctic krill that impact population growth. They are early egg development, and advanced egg development/spawning. The timing and duration of early egg development determines the number of eggs produced and the number of seasonal spawning events a female can undergo. The research team will use samples of Antarctic krill collected over the last 30 years in late winter/early spring, summer and early fall. The reproductive development stages of individual females in these samples will be assessed. These data will be modeled against climatological and oceanographic data to test three hypotheses. First, they will test if colder winter conditions correspond to early preparation for spawning. Second, they will test if favorable winter-summer conditions increase early spawning. Finally, they will test if favorable winter-summer conditions lengthen the spawning season. The study will advance current understanding of the environmental conditions that promote population increases in Antarctic krill and will fill an important gap in current knowledge of the reproductive development and output of Antarctic krill.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

南极北部半岛的变暖正在引起海洋生态系统的根本变化。南极磷虾是该地区最丰富的小虾样动物。它们也是南极洲周围水域海洋食品网的重要组成部分。同时，一个迅速发展的国际渔业已为奎库里（Krill）开发。因此，了解磷虾种群的变化对于渔业的管理以及科学家预测南极海洋生态系统变化的能力都是至关重要的。该项目将产生两种更广泛的社会影响。首先，该项目将支持学生从事海洋学职业的培训。这些学生将从代表性不足的群体中招募，以增加多样性，公平性和纳入STEM的包容性。其次，该项目的结果将开发改善的人口模型，这对于有效管理南极磷虾渔业至关重要。与美国代表在南极海洋生物资源保护委员会的合作中，研究人员将制作一份报告，概述了研究中的关键发现。有效的人群建模依赖于经验和对环境如何驱动磷虾繁殖的理论理解。南极磷虾中有两个关键的卵发育阶段影响人口增长。它们是早期的鸡蛋发育，并且是先进的鸡蛋发育/产卵。早期鸡蛋发育的时间和持续时间决定了女性可能发生的卵子数量以及季节性产卵事件的数量。研究小组将使用在冬季/初春，夏季和初秋的过去30年中收集的南极磷虾样品。这些样本中各个女性的生殖发育阶段将被评估。这些数据将根据气候和海洋学数据进行建模，以检验三个假设。首先，他们将测试较冷的冬季条件是否对应于产卵的早期准备。其次，他们将测试有利的冬季夏季状况是否会增加早产卵。最后，他们将测试是否有利的冬季夏季状况会延长产卵季节。这项研究将提高人们对促进南极磷虾人口增加的环境状况的最新理解，并将填补当前对南极磷虾的生殖发展和产出的了解的重要空白。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来支持的，这是值得的。