Dimensions US-China: Allosomes: An Unexplored Dimension of Biodiversity

维度 中美：异体：生物多样性的一个未探索的维度

• 批准号: 1830753
• 负责人: Thomas Kocher
• 金额: $ 175万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1830753&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; US; China; Allosomes; Unexplored

Despite more than 150 years of scientific study, our understanding of the mechanisms of speciation is still incomplete. Early work emphasized the importance of geographic isolation to limit gene flow among populations. Without gene flow, populations might then evolve into new species over long periods of time. More recent work has focused on the role of natural selection in accelerating the evolution of species, with or without gene flow among populations. This project tests a new idea, that the rapid evolution of new allosomes can accelerate the rate of speciation in some lineages. The researchers will focus on the exceptionally diverse lineage of cichlid fishes found in tropical areas around the world. More than 2,000 species of cichlid fishes are known, making them the most rapidly speciating lineage of extant vertebrates. Recent work has revealed unexpected diversity in the allosomes of these fishes. This diversity may be due to a unique behavior in which females mouthbrood eggs and larvae for periods of up to three weeks. The associated differences in behavior and physiology between males and females causes different genetic changes to be favored in males and females. This pattern is known as genetic conflict. This project will test the hypothesis that these genetic conflicts are responsible for the rapid evolution of new allosomes. In turn, this rapid evolution is thought to be important in the rapid rate of speciation in this group. The project will promote scientific exchange between the U.S., Europe, China and Brazil. It will also provide research training opportunities for undergraduate students at University of Maryland. The researchers will use genomic techniques to characterize allosomes in cichlid fishes from Africa and South America. Regions of genetic differentiation between males and females will be identified using whole-genome DNA sequencing. Long-read sequencing technology will be used to characterize changes in the sequence and structure of chromosomes during the early stages of allosome evolution. Comparative phylogenetic analysis will be used to determine whether high rates of allosome turnover are associated with life history traits. The specific focal trait is female mouthbrooding, which correlates with antagonistic selection between males and females. To determine whether evolutionary changes in allosomes create genetic incompatibilities the researchers will measure the fitness of hybrids between species with different allosomes. These data will allow theoretical predictions about the mechanisms of allosome evolution to be tested.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管有超过150年的科学研究，但我们对物种机制的理解仍然不完整。早期工作强调了地理隔离对限制人群中基因流动的重要性。如果没有基因流，人口可能会在长期内演变成新物种。最近的工作集中在自然选择在种群中有或没有基因流动的物种演变中的作用。该项目测试了一个新的想法，即新的同种酶的快速演变可以加速某些谱系中的物种速率。研究人员将专注于世界各地热带地区发现的丽鱼科鱼类的异常多样。已知有2,000多种丽鱼科鱼类，使其成为现存脊椎动物的最迅速规定的谱系。最近的工作揭示了这些鱼类的同种异体的意外多样性。这种多样性可能是由于一种独特的行为，在这种行为中，女性的口卵卵和幼虫长达三个星期。男性和女性之间行为和生理学的相关差异会导致男性和女性有利于不同的遗传变化。这种模式称为遗传冲突。该项目将检验以下假设：这些遗传冲突是造成新同种质体快速演变的原因。反过来，这种快速进化被认为在该组的快速物种速率中很重要。该项目将促进美国，欧洲，中国和巴西之间的科学交流。 它还将为马里兰大学的本科生提供研究培训机会。研究人员将使用基因组技术来表征来自非洲和南美洲丽鱼科鱼类的同种异体。将使用全基因组DNA测序来鉴定男性和女性之间遗传分化区域。长阅读的测序技术将用于表征在化合物演化的早期阶段，染色体的序列和结构的变化。比较系统发育分析将用于确定高率的同种异体转换率是否与生活历史特征有关。特定的局灶性特征是女性呼吸脑，这与男性和女性之间的拮抗选择有关。为了确定同种体的进化变化是否会产生遗传不相容性，研究人员将测量具有不同同胞体的物种之间杂种的适应性。这些数据将允许测试有关异体进化机制的理论预测。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Chromosome-scale assemblies reveal the structural evolution of African cichlid genomes

• DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz030
• 发表时间: 2019-04-01
• 期刊: GIGASCIENCE
• 影响因子: 9.2
• 作者: Conte, Matthew A.;Joshi, Rajesh;Kocher, Thomas D.
• 通讯作者: Kocher, Thomas D.

Changing sex for selfish gain: B chromosomes of Lake Malawi cichlid fish

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55774-8
• 发表时间: 2019-12-27
• 期刊: SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Clark, Frances E.;Kocher, Thomas D.
• 通讯作者: Kocher, Thomas D.

Disruption of Zar1 leads to arrested oogenesis by regulating polyadenylation via Cpeb1 in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129632
• 发表时间: 2024-01-25
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
• 影响因子: 8.2
• 作者: Yu，Miao;Zhang，Shiyi;Tao，Wenjing
• 通讯作者: Tao，Wenjing

Movement of transposable elements contributes to cichlid diversity

• DOI: 10.1111/mec.15685
• 发表时间: 2020-11-13
• 期刊: MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Carleton, Karen L.;Conte, Matthew A.;Kocher, Thomas D.
• 通讯作者: Kocher, Thomas D.

Loss of Cyp11c1 causes delayed spermatogenesis due to the absence of 11-ketotestosterone

Cyp11c1 缺失会因缺乏 11-酮睾酮而导致精子发生延迟

• DOI: 10.1530/joe-19-0438
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Endocrinology
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Zheng Qiaoyuan;Xiao Hesheng;Shi Hongjuan;Wang Tingru;Sun Lina;Tao Wenjing;Kocher Thomas D.;Li Minghui;Wang Deshou
• 通讯作者: Wang Deshou