Doctoral Dissertation Research: Comparing Multi-Scalar Claims for Redress and Reparation

博士论文研究：比较多标量的补救和赔偿索赔

• 批准号: 1823901
• 负责人: David Scott
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1823901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Comparing; Multi

In the second half of the twentieth century, claims for redress for historical injustices have put increasing pressure on political and legal systems. This pressure is compounded by the fact that claims for reparations may occur simultaneously at international and national levels. The research supported by this award asks how international claims for redress converge on or diverge from national claims for redress from local governments. With this dual focus, findings from this research can be used in the development of national government and international organization strategies for engaging with the increasing growth of claims for redress. Columbia University anthropology doctoral student, Anna Schirrer, supervised by Dr. David Scott, will carry out the research in Guyana. Guyana is an appropriate site for the research because there are active claims for redress at multiple levels that can be leveraged for research, and because the comparatively small size of the country makes the factors involved easier to isolate for a scientific study. Currently, there are two sorts of claims at stake. One claim, articulated by the multi-state Caribbean Community organization CARICOM, is a state-driven and internationally oriented claim for redress. The other, is a national rights-based claim for land addressed by local groups to the nation-state itself. Through twelve months of ethnographic research, the researcher will compare the legal resources, ethnic identity politics, and alliance networks used to legitimize authority in making redress claims. Data will be gathered through semi-structured interviews, ego-centered network mapping, and participant observation with a non-probability sample of experts at five different nodes in these networks. This research will contribute to social science theorization of the interactions between national and cross-national socio-legal processes. To reach non-academic audiences, the Co-PI will disseminate her research findings through public presentations at NGO-academic policy forums and with local stakeholders.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

二十世纪下半叶，要求纠正历史不公正现象给政治和法律体系带来了越来越大的压力。国际和国家层面可能同时提出赔偿要求，这一事实加剧了这种压力。该奖项支持的研究探讨了国际赔偿要求与地方政府提出的国家赔偿要求如何趋同或不同。 有了这个双重重点，这项研究的结果可用于制定国家政府和国际组织的战略，以应对日益增长的赔偿要求。哥伦比亚大学人类学博士生安娜·席勒（Anna Schirrer）将在大卫·斯科特博士的指导下在圭亚那开展这项研究。圭亚那是开展这项研究的合适地点，因为在多个层面上都有积极的补救要求，可用于研究，而且该国面积相对较小，使得科学研究更容易分离出所涉及的因素。目前，有两种索赔受到威胁。加勒比共同体多国组织加勒比共同体提出的一项主张是一项由国家驱动、面向国际的补救主张。另一种是地方团体向民族国家本身提出的基于国家权利的土地主张。通过十二个月的民族志研究，研究人员将比较法律资源、民族身份政治和用于使提出补救主张的权威合法化的联盟网络。将通过半结构化访谈、以自我为中心的网络映射以及对这些网络中五个不同节点的专家非概率样本的参与观察来收集数据。这项研究将有助于国家和跨国社会法律进程之间相互作用的社会科学理论化。为了接触非学术受众，联合首席研究员将通过在非政府组织学术政策论坛上以及与当地利益相关者的公开演讲来传播她的研究成果。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值进行评估，被认为值得支持以及更广泛的影响审查标准。