Collaborative Research: A RAPID response to Hurricane Harvey's impacts on coastal carbon cycle, metabolic balance and ocean acidification

合作研究：快速应对飓风哈维对沿海碳循环、代谢平衡和海洋酸化的影响

• 批准号: 1760660
• 负责人: Wei-Jun Cai
• 金额: $ 4.09万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-11-01 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760660&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; RAPID; response; Hurricane

Understanding how extreme events, like hurricanes, impact coastal ecosystems and the cycling of elements like carbon and oxygen, is important for improving our ability to predict how the global carbon cycle will respond to climate. This team of investigators, who have already been working together on understanding the carbon cycle in the Gulf of Mexico continental shelves, have important recent data against which to measure the effects of the passage of Hurricane Harvey in August, 2017. They will sample the waters and sediments of the northwestern Gulf of Mexico in September, October, and January to assess Harvey's impacts on a timescale of weeks to months. The researchers pose three specific questions: 1. Will the region become a major source of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere, releasing carbon accumulated in the bottom water and sediments, and will this potential impact be faster and greater than during normal fall and winter mixing events? Will this process acidify the surface water and for how long? 2. Will the metabolic balance be substantially pushed toward net heterotrophy as a result of the storm in comparison to other years? 3. Can the amount of material delivered or redeposited across the continental shelf by a tropical cyclone be considerably larger than that related to winter storm systems? The PIs will measure water column nutrients, oxygen, organic carbon, and inorganic carbon system parameters; determine water column and benthic metabolic and nutrient flux rates; and sediment organic matter deposition rates. They will also collect end member river samples. They will compare the immediate (mid-Sept) but limited post-hurricane data and one-month post-hurricane, more detailed data with those collected in July and April to study the impacts of the storms. they will also compare 2017-2018 seasonal data to seasonal data over the same region collected in the past (2006-2008 and 2009-2010). They will also compare the impacts of Hurricane Harvey to those of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita (2005) and Tropical Storm Cindy (June 2017). The project will involve graduate and postdoctoral research and work to communicate results to the public.

了解飓风等极端事件如何影响沿海生态系统以及碳和氧等元素的循环，对于提高我们预测全球碳循环如何应对气候的能力非常重要。这支调查小组已经共同致力于了解墨西哥湾大陆架的碳循环，他们拥有重要的最新数据，可以用来衡量 2017 年 8 月飓风哈维通过的影响。他们将对水域进行采样九月、十月和一月对墨西哥湾西北部的沉积物进行了研究，以评估哈维对几周到几个月的影响。研究人员提出了三个具体问题：1.该地区是否会成为大气中二氧化碳的主要来源，释放底层水和沉积物中积累的碳，这种潜在影响是否会比正常的秋冬混合事件更快、更大？这个过程会酸化地表水吗？会持续多久？ 2. 与其他年份相比，风暴是否会导致代谢平衡显着向净异养方向发展？ 3. 热带气旋在大陆架上输送或重新沉积的物质量是否会比冬季风暴系统相关的物质量大得多？ PI 将测量水体营养物、氧气、有机碳和无机碳系统参数；确定水体和底栖代谢及养分通量率；和沉积物有机质沉积速率。他们还将收集末端成员河流样本。他们将把飓风后即时（九月中旬）但有限的数据和飓风后一个月的更详细数据与 7 月和 4 月收集的数据进行比较，以研究风暴的影响。他们还将 2017-2018 年季节性数据与过去（2006-2008 年和 2009-2010 年）收集的同一地区的季节性数据进行比较。他们还将比较飓风哈维与飓风卡特里娜和丽塔（2005 年）以及热带风暴辛迪（2017 年 6 月）的影响。该项目将涉及研究生和博士后研究以及向公众传达结果的工作。