Collaborative Research: Developing a profiling glider pH sensor for high resolution coastal ocean acidification monitoring

合作研究：开发用于高分辨率沿海海洋酸化监测的剖面滑翔机 pH 传感器

• 批准号: 1634582
• 负责人: Wei-Jun Cai
• 金额: $ 26.23万
• 依托单位: University of Delaware
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1634582&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Developing; profiling; glider

Ocean acidification (OA) has significant scientific and societal ramifications including the alteration of ocean biogeochemistry, ecological consequences associated with altered ecosystems, and economic losses due to the decreased survival of commercially important organisms. Yet few time series and high resolution spatial and temporal measurements exist to track the existence and movement of low pH and low carbonate saturation (Ù) water, specifically in coastal regions where finfish, lobster, and wild stocks of shellfish are located. Past ocean acidification monitoring efforts (surface buoys with pH or sensors that measure partial pressure of carbon dioxide, or pCO2, flow-through pCO2 systems utilized by research vessels, water column sampling during large field campaigns) have either low spatial resolution (mooring) or high cost and low temporal and spatial resolution (research cruises). Therefore, there is a critical need to deploy new, cost-effective technologies that can routinely provide high resolution water column OA data on regional scales in our coastal ocean. Autonomous underwater profiling gliders have proven to be a robust technology that fulfills this role. A variety of sensors have successfully been mounted on Slocum gliders; however, no direct measurements of ocean pH have been collected by pH sensors mounted on these gliders. The researchers will develop the integrated glider platform and sensor system for sampling pH and possibly Ù in the water column of the coastal ocean on a regional scale. This project will result in a new commercially available glider pH sensor suite that will provide the foundation of what could become a real-time national coastal OA monitoring network with the capability of serving a wide range of users. Additionally, the integration of simultaneous measurements from multiple sensors on one glider will allow one to distinguish interactions between the physics, chemistry, and biology of the ecosystem. The researchers will modify and integrate a deep rated version of the Ion Sensitive Field Effect Transistor (ISFET)-based pH sensor, the Deep-Sea DuraFET pH sensor system, into a Slocum glider. They will test the new sensor suite via three glider deployments on the U.S. Northeast Shelf, deliver the OA data in real-time, and examine pH/Ù dynamics in habitats of commercially important fisheries. The project will benefit with rigorous groundtruthing via coordination of the high resolution glider mapping of pH and Ù side-by-side NOAA OAP's (Ocean Acidification Program) planned ECOA (East Coast Ocean Acidification) cruise II where a full suite of carbonate parameters (pCO2, pH, dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and oxygen) will be measured either underway or on board ship. High spatial and temporal resolution in situ pH measurements and Ù estimations will be provided in habitats of commercially important fisheries in the U.S. Northeast Shelf. This open accessible, automated real-time data will be made available through RUCOOL (Rutgers University Center for Ocean Observing Leadership), MARACOOS (Mid-Atlantic Regional Association Coastal Ocean Observing System), and THREDDS (Thematic Real-time Environmental Data Distribution System). The data produced from this new technology will allow the researchers and the community to track the movement of low pH/Ù water, understand the variability of pH/Ù, predict how mixing events and circulation will impact pH/Ù across the shelf, identify high-risk regions and populations of commercially important species that are more prone to periods of reduced pH/Ù, and ultimately will enable more informed management of essential habitats in the future, more acidic oceans.

海洋酸化（OA）具有重大的科学和社会影响，包括海洋生物地球化学的改变、与生态系统改变相关的生态后果以及由于商业重要生物体的存活率下降而造成的经济损失，但很少有时间序列和高分辨率空间和时间测量。跟踪低 pH 值和低碳酸盐饱和度 (Ù) 水的存在和运动，特别是在有鳍鱼类、龙虾和野生贝类种群所在的沿海地区，过去的海洋酸化监测工作（表面浮标）。测量二氧化碳或 pCO2 分压的 pH 值或传感器、研究船使用的流通式 pCO2 系统、大型野外活动期间的水柱采样）要么空间分辨率低（系泊），要么成本高且时间和空间分辨率低（研究巡航）因此，迫切需要部署新的、具有成本效益的技术，这些技术可以在我们的沿海海洋中定期提供区域尺度的高分辨率水柱OA数据，这已被证明是一项强大的技术。满足各种传感器已成功安装在 Slocum 滑翔机上；然而，安装在这些滑翔机上的 pH 传感器尚未收集到海洋 pH 值的直接测量结果，研究人员将开发用于采样 pH 值的集成滑翔机平台和传感器系统。 Ù 在区域范围内的沿海海洋水柱中，该项目将产生一种新的商用滑翔机 pH 传感器套件，该套件将为成为具有服务能力的实时国家沿海 OA 监测网络奠定基础。广泛的此外，在一架滑翔机上集成多个传感器的同步测量将使人们能够区分生态系统的物理、化学和生物学之间的相互作用，研究人员将修改和集成离子敏感场效应晶体管的深度额定版本。他们将通过在美国东北大陆架部署的三架滑翔机来测试新的传感器套件，并交付 OA。实时数据，并检查具有商业重要性的渔业栖息地的 pH/Ù 动态。通过协调 pH 值和 Ù 并行 NOAA OAP（海洋酸化计划）的高分辨率滑翔机测绘，该项目将受益于严格的地面实况。计划中的 ECOA（东海岸海洋酸化）巡航 II 将在航行中或在途中测量全套碳酸盐参数（pCO2、pH、溶解的无机碳、总碱度和氧气）船上的高空间和时间分辨率的原位 pH 测量和估计将在美国东北大陆架的商业重要渔业栖息地提供。这种开放的、自动化的实时数据将通过 RUCOOL（罗格斯大学中心）提供。海洋观测领导层）、MARACOOS（中大西洋区域协会沿海海洋观测系统）和 THREDDS（专题实时环境数据分发系统）从这项新技术产生的数据将允许研究人员和社区跟踪低 pH/Ù 水的运动，了解 pH/Ù 的变化，预测混合事件和循环将如何影响整个大陆架的 pH/Ù，识别具有重要商业价值的高风险区域和种群更容易出现 pH/Ù 降低时期的物种，最终将使未来的重要栖息地（更酸性的海洋）得到更明智的管理。