RAPID: Collaborative Research: Tracking Hurricane Harvey's Storm Surge and Flood Sedimentation

RAPID：合作研究：追踪飓风哈维的风暴潮和洪水沉积

• 批准号: 1803035
• 负责人: Kam-biu Liu
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-01 至 2019-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1803035&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Tracking; Hurricane

Category 4 Hurricane Harvey, the most intense wind and rain event to strike Texas in 56 years, made landfall on August 25, 2017, with maximum sustained winds of 130 mph and a storm surge of over 2 m. In addition, the hurricane brought 30-50 inches of rain and caused record-breaking freshwater flooding throughout southeastern Texas, inundating large tracts of coastal marshes with flood waters from rivers and the Gulf of Mexico. Severe freshwater flooding also occurred in inland fluvial wetlands along the Brazos, Trinity, and San Bernard Rivers. Harvey provides an excellent opportunity to study the sedimentary signatures of a rare wind-and-rain event and to estimate its return period by documenting past similar event deposits in the geological record. In addition, there is growing public awareness of the detrimental effects of climate change, particularly in coastal areas threatened by accelerated sea-level rise. This research will help determine whether coastal marshes can survive rising sea-level by providing new information on the role of hurricanes in contributing sediment to marshes, causing accretion and counteracting relative elevation loss due to sea-level rise. This is a collaborative project by research teams at Louisiana State University and the University of North Texas encompassing the complete sedimentary impacts of Hurricane Harvey along a coastal (saltwater)-to-fluvial (freshwater) transect across southeastern Texas.Studies conducted to date suggest that hurricanes are major contributors to marsh growth, with themagnitude of Hurricane sedimentation (millions of metric tons) exceeding annual riverine and coastal sediment inputs, but the topic is still debated. Through marsh coring along the freshwater to marine transect, this study?s main objectives include: (i) documenting the magnitude, character and extent of washover and flood sedimentation in coastal marshes in southeast Texas, and (ii) to measure the magnitude and inland extent of washover sedimentation in the lee of foredune barriers to evaluate whether relatively subtle increases in barrier dimensions can cause substantial reductions in the magnitude of washover sedimentation in marshes. The study will inform coastal management agencies on the use of barriers to block or reduce storm overwash, potentially reducing washover sediment magnitude and inland extent in adjacent marshes, at a time when such sedimentation may be a crucial factor in survivability of marshes in the face of accelerating sea-level rise. This study also aims at producing centuries-to-millennia-long multi-proxy records of hurricane-generated extreme events for southeastern Texas. These long-term records are vital for estimating the return period of such extreme events as Harvey and is critically important for hurricane- and flood-risk assessments and coastal management decision-making.

第4类Harvey飓风是在56年内袭击得克萨斯州最激烈的风和雨活动，于2017年8月25日登陆，最高持续风为130英里 /小时，风暴潮高于2 m以上。此外，飓风带来了30-50英寸的降雨，并在得克萨斯州东南部造成了创纪录的淡水洪水，淹没了大片沿海沼泽地，里面有河流和墨西哥湾的洪水。在布拉索斯，三位一体和圣伯纳德河的内陆河流湿地也发生了严重的淡水洪水。 Harvey提供了一个很好的机会来研究罕见的风和雨后事件的沉积物特征，并通过记录地质记录中过去的类似事件矿床来估算其回报期。此外，公众对气候变化的有害影响的认识越来越大，尤其是在沿海地区受到加速海平面上升威胁的沿海地区。这项研究将有助于确定沿海沼泽地是否可以通过提供有关飓风在为沼泽造成沉积物中作用的新信息，从而在海平面上升，从而导致积聚并抵消由于海平面上升而导致的相对海拔损失。 This is a collaborative project by research teams at Louisiana State University and the University of North Texas encompassing the complete sedimentary impacts of Hurricane Harvey along a coastal (saltwater)-to-fluvial (freshwater) transect across southeastern Texas.Studies conducted to date suggest that hurricanes are major contributors to marsh growth, with themagnitude of Hurricane sedimentation (millions of metric tons) exceeding annual河流和沿海沉积物的投入，但这个话题仍在争论中。 通过沿着淡水加油到海洋横梁，这项研究的主要目标包括：（i）记录得克萨斯州东南部沿海沼泽地的冲洗和洪水沉积的大小，性质和程度，以及（ii）测量对范围内的障碍物的范围内的幅度和内陆程度的大小相对范围的范围，以评估较大的范围是否会导致较大的范围，以评估较大的范围，以确保较大的范围是否会增加范围的范围。沼泽中的沉积。这项研究将为沿海管理机构提供障碍的使用来阻止或减少风暴倒塌，可能减少邻近沼泽的冲洗沉积物幅度和内陆范围，而这种沉积可能是沼泽生存能的关键因素，面对沼泽的生存能力。这项研究还旨在为得克萨斯州东南部的飓风生成的极端事件生产数百年到千年的多人记录。这些长期记录对于估计哈维（Harvey）等极端事件的回报期至关重要，对于飓风和洪水风险评估以及沿海管理决策至关重要。

项目成果

Contrasting Hurricane Ike washover sedimentation and Hurricane Harvey flood sedimentation in a Southeastern Texas coastal marsh

• DOI: 10.1016/j.margeo.2019.106011
• 发表时间: 2019-11
• 期刊: Marine Geology
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: H. Williams;Kam‐biu Liu

Hurricane Harvey Storm Sedimentation in the San Bernard National Wildlife Refuge, Texas: Fluvial Versus Storm Surge Deposition

德克萨斯州圣伯纳德国家野生动物保护区的飓风哈维风暴沉积：河流沉积与风暴潮沉积

• DOI: 10.1007/s12237-019-00639-6
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Estuaries and Coasts
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Yao, Qiang;Liu, Kam-Biu;Williams, Harry;Joshi, Sanjeev;Bianchette, Thomas A.;Ryu, Junghyung;Dietz, Marianne
• 通讯作者: Dietz, Marianne