EAGER: Investigating Optical Characteristics, Doping Levels and Current Matching in Perovskite/Si, Perovskite/GaAs/Si and Perovskite/III-V Ternary Semiconductors

EAGER：研究钙钛矿/硅、钙钛矿/砷化镓/硅和钙钛矿/III-V 三元半导体的光学特性、掺杂水平和电流匹配

• 批准号: 1745330
• 负责人: Indranil Bhattacharya
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: Tennessee Technological University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745330&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Investigating; Optical; Characteristics; Doping

Abstract: Nontechnical: Crystalline silicon solar cell technology has dominated the photovoltaic technology market for years with a current market share of 90%, owing to its wide technological applications in semiconductor electronics. Light absorption for limited range of the spectrum and thermalization losses hinder further increase in silicon solar cell efficiency. This research endeavor is geared toward increasing efficiency beyond the thermodynamic limits imposed by the physics of single-junction silicon solar cells by incorporation of different bandgap semiconductors in tandem. This research will perform optical and electronic optimization schemes to improve absorption, photocurrent and efficiency in solar cells, light emitting diodes and other electronic devices. The research will address fundamental limitations of integration of perovskites with silicon and other semiconductors and will impact a diverse technical and societal community. The broader impacts of this research lies in 1) incorporating research findings into curriculum enhancement of courses such as Photovoltaic Engineering, Physical Electronics and Optoelectronic Engineering at Tennessee Tech University, 2) recruiting female, underrepresented groups and veterans in research and 3) organizing outreach activities to foster increased awareness of energy technologies at the high-school, middle-school and community levels. This will help increase longer-term enrollment in engineering and computing education, yielding many long-standing benefits to society at large. Technical: The primary scholarship of the research plan lies in addressing the challenges facing perovskite/Si tandem technologies such as: 1) high sub-bandgap absorption in the perovskite absorber; 2) low photoconversion efficiency of perovskite/Si tandem; 3) relatively higher reflection and parasitic losses; and 4) compromising open-circuit voltage and fill factor. Transfer-matrix based optimization of optical absorption, reflection and internal quantum efficiency vs. wavelength of each layer will provide insights about maximum achievable absorption efficiency and photocurrent in each layer. Modeling of wavelength-dependent absorption by combining conventional pyramidal texture with wavelength-selective intermediate reflector will further increase the tandem efficiency. Doping concentration and thickness based current density vs. voltage simulations for each subcell layer in the tandem and optimizing those parameters to match the current will achieve the best possible photoconversion efficiency for tandem designs. This research will have significant contributions to solid-state lighting, lasing and thin-film electronic device applications.

摘要：非技术性：由于其在半导体电子领域的广泛技术应用，晶体硅太阳能电池技术多年来一直主导着光伏技术市场，目前市场份额为 90%。有限光谱范围的光吸收和热化损失阻碍了硅太阳能电池效率的进一步提高。这项研究工作旨在通过串联不同的带隙半导体来提高效率，超越单结硅太阳能电池的物理热力学限制。这项研究将执行光学和电子优化方案，以提高太阳能电池、发光二极管和其他电子设备的吸收、光电流和效率。该研究将解决钙钛矿与硅和其他半导体集成的基本限制，并将影响多元化的技术和社会社区。这项研究的更广泛影响在于 1) 将研究成果纳入田纳西理工大学光伏工程、物理电子和光电工程等课程的课程强化中，2) 招募女性、代表性不足的群体和退伍军人进行研究，以及 3) 组织外展活动提高高中、初中和社区各级对能源技术的认识。这将有助于增加工程和计算机教育的长期入学人数，为整个社会带来许多长期利益。 技术：该研究计划的主要学术内容在于解决钙钛矿/硅串联技术面临的挑战，例如：1）钙钛矿吸收体的高子带隙吸收； 2）钙钛矿/硅串联的光转换效率低； 3）相对较高的反射和寄生损耗； 4) 牺牲开路电压和填充因子。基于传输矩阵的光吸收、反射和内量子效率与每层波长的优化将提供有关每层中可实现的最大吸收效率和光电流的见解。通过将传统的金字塔纹理与波长选择性中间反射器相结合来对波长相关的吸收进行建模将进一步提高串联效率。对串联中每个子电池层进行基于掺杂浓度和厚度的电流密度与电压的模拟，并优化这些参数以匹配电流，将为串联设计实现最佳的光电转换效率。这项研究将对固态照明、激光和薄膜电子设备应用做出重大贡献。