Dimensions: Collaborative Research: Genome structure and adaptive evolution in peatmosses (Sphagnum): ecosystem engineers

维度：合作研究：泥炭藓（Sphagnum）的基因组结构和适应性进化：生态系统工程师

基本信息

批准号：
1737899
负责人：
Arthur Shaw
金额：
$ 118.58万
依托单位：
Duke University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1737899&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dimensions Collaborative Research Genome structure

项目摘要

Peatmosses comprise a diverse group of plants with over 300 species distributed throughout the world. In northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere, they dominate wetlands and form extensive peatlands that harbor a broad diversity of microbes, other plants, and animals. Because of the build-up of peat (partially decomposed plant material), these peatlands have profound impacts on regional patterns of water movement, and the global cycling of atmospheric nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane. It is estimated that almost one third of the earth's soil carbon is bound up in peatlands even though these habitats account for only about 10% of the land surface area. The goals of this research are to use peatmosses as a model to better understand the connections between DNA sequence variation, plant traits, and ecological function. This research provides a unique opportunity to connect gene composition and variation to the plant traits encoded by those genes, and investigate how these plant traits affect ecosystem function. Undergraduates, graduate students and post-doctoral researchers will be trained in diverse genomic, evolutionary, computational, and ecological methods and analysis, including laboratory exchanges among the collaborating institutions. Results will be disseminated broadly to the public via field courses and an illustrated publically accessible, online database about peatmosses. This research integrates broad-level phylogenetics, common garden experiments of a widely-distributed Sphagnum species, and genus-wide comparative genomic studies to understand how adaptive processes occurring within species scale up to and explain diversification of the genus on a worldwide scale. Whole genome DNA sequences will be assembled for 96 Sphagnum species representing the worldwide range of the genus. These data will then be used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among species and assess genus-wide genomic variation. Analyses of these data will then test for correlations among phylogenetic patterns, distributional range, ecological breadth, and variation in ecologically important phenotypic traits. Plants of Sphagnum magellanicum, which occurs from arctic to tropical regions, will be collected across a latitudinal gradient and grown under experimental conditions to assess photosynthetic responses to environmental factors including day length and temperature, and population differentiation in physiological response. Gene expression responses in experimental plants will be measured using RNA sequencing to better understand the genetic basis of local physiological adaptation. Whole genome DNA sequences of different S. magellanicum populations will be assembled to assess variation in gene content within a single species (Pan genome structure). Comparing these population-level data with whole genome sequence data from species spanning the Sphagnum genus will identify how many of these genes are shared with other peatmoss species. One specific prediction these data will be used to test is whether inducible physiological responses in tropical plants of a widespread species have become fixed and constitutive in tropical Sphagnum species.

PeatMosses包括一组各种各样的植物，这些植物分布在世界各地。在北半球的北部，它们主导湿地，形成了广阔的泥炭地，这些泥炭地具有广泛的微生物，其他植物和动物。由于泥炭的堆积（部分分解的植物材料），这些泥炭地对水运动的区域模式以及大气氮，二氧化碳和甲烷的全球循环产生了深远的影响。据估计，即使这些栖息地仅占陆地表面积的10％，地球碳的几乎三分之一都在泥炭地结合。这项研究的目标是使用泥炭云作为模型，以更好地了解DNA序列变化，植物特征和生态功能之间的联系。这项研究提供了一个独特的机会，将基因组成和变异与这些基因编码的植物特征联系起来，并研究了这些植物特征如何影响生态系统功能。本科生，研究生和博士后研究人员将接受各种基因组，进化，计算和生态方法和分析的培训，包括合作机构之间的实验室交流。结果将通过现场课程广泛地传播给公众，并提供有关PeatMosses的公开访问的在线数据库。这项研究整合了广泛的系统发育学，广泛分布的泥炭型物种的常见花园实验以及范围范围的比较基因组研究，以了解物种内部在全球范围内如何扩展物种中的适应过程。整个基因组DNA序列将用于96种代表该属全球范围的泥炭型物种。然后，这些数据将用于重建物种之间的系统发育关系并评估范围范围的基因组变异。然后，对这些数据的分析将测试系统发育模式，分布范围，生态广度以及生态上重要的表型性状变化之间的相关性。从北极到热带区域发生的泥炭麦芽岩植物将在纬度梯度上收集，并在实验条件下生长，以评估对环境因素的光合作用，包括日期和温度，以及生理反应中种群分化。实验植物中的基因表达反应将使用RNA测序进行测量，以更好地了解局部生理适应的遗传基础。将组装不同麦芽葡萄球菌种群的整个基因组DNA序列，以评估单个物种内基因含量的变化（PAN基因组结构）。将这些种群水平的数据与跨越泥炭属物种的整个基因组序列数据进行比较，将确定其中有多少基因与其他泥炭发展植物共享。一个具体的预测这些数据将用于测试，是在热带泥炭型植物中固定和组成型的热带植物中的诱导生理反应是否已成为。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Natural selection on a carbon cycling trait drives ecosystem engineering by Sphagnum (peat moss)

碳循环特征的自然选择驱动泥炭藓（泥炭藓）的生态系统工程

DOI：
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Containing papers of a biological character
影响因子：
0
作者：
Piatkowski, B. T.;Yavitt, J. B.;Turetsky, M. R.;Shaw, A. J.
通讯作者：
Shaw, A. J.

Phylogenomic structure and speciation in an emerging model: the Sphagnum magellanicum complex (Bryophyta)