REVSYS: Systematics and Evolution of the "Pacific Rim Clade" of Sphagnum section Subsecunda

REVSYS：泥炭藓部分次级“环太平洋分支”的系统学和进化

• 批准号: 0918998
• 负责人: Arthur Shaw
• 金额: $ 62万
• 依托单位: Duke University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-08-15 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0918998&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REVSYS; Systematics; Evolution; Pacific; Rim

This proposal funds research on the taxonomy and diversification of the moss genus Sphagnum, also known as peat mosses. The research focuses on a lineage of peat mosses that occur primarily in the "Pacific Rim" region from California north to Alaska and south to Japan and China, and includes about 15-20 species. The work uses data from DNA sequences and highly variable microsatellite genes to determine how many species there are and how to tell them apart. A series of hypotheses are to be addressed, clarifying exactly where individual species grow, how the plants reproduce, and the frequency and efficacy of sexual and asexual reproduction. One outcome will be a thorough taxonomic treatment for the Pacific Rim species of Sphagnum, with illustrations and other resources to permit accurate identifications of species. The proposal also funds workshops on identification of Sphagnum species, targeting wetland ecologists doing vegetation surveys and amateur scientists, many of whom work for environmental NGOs.Sphagnum-dominated peatlands have profound effects on global climate, regional hydrology, and the occurrence of many other organisms, plant, animal, and microbial. Ecosystem function (productivity, decomposition, movement of minerals and nutrients) is determined by the suite of species that occur there, and recent biogeochemical studies indicate that different Sphagnum species have significantly different chemistries and other properties that affect peatland function. For that reason, clear species circumscriptions are critical to understanding their ecological impacts. This research uses modern molecular approaches, coupled with field and specimen-based research, to provide a sound taxonomic treatment essential for evaluating the role of peat mosses in the global biosphere.

该提案资助苔藓属泥炭藓（也称为泥炭藓）的分类和多样化研究。 该研究重点关注主要分布在“环太平洋”地区（从加利福尼亚州北部到阿拉斯加，南部到日本和中国）的泥炭藓谱系，包括大约 15-20 个物种。 这项工作利用 DNA 序列和高度可变的微卫星基因的数据来确定有多少个物种以及如何区分它们。 一系列假设需要得到解决，准确阐明各个物种的生长地点、植物如何繁殖，以及有性和无性繁殖的频率和功效。 一项成果将是对环太平洋地区的泥炭藓物种进行彻底的分类学处理，并提供插图和其他资源，以便准确识别物种。 该提案还资助了关于识别泥炭藓物种的研讨会，对象是进行植被调查的湿地生态学家和业余科学家，其中许多人为环境非政府组织工作。以泥炭藓为主的泥炭地对全球气候、区域水文和许多其他生物体的出现产生了深远的影响、植物、动物和微生物。生态系统功能（矿物质和养分的生产力、分解、移动）由那里存在的一系列物种决定，最近的生物地球化学研究表明，不同的泥炭藓物种具有显着不同的化学成分和影响泥炭地功能的其他特性。 因此，明确的物种限制对于了解其生态影响至关重要。 这项研究采用现代分子方法，结合实地和标本研究，为评估泥炭藓在全球生物圈中的作用提供了至关重要的合理分类学处理。