CAREER: Karrikin and strigolactone signaling mechanisms in Arabidopsis

职业：拟南芥中的 Karrikin 和独脚金内酯信号传导机制

• 批准号: 1737153
• 负责人: David Nelson
• 金额: $ 53.55万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-02 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1737153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Karrikin; strigolactone; signaling; mechanisms

DAVID C NELSONPROPOSAL IOS-1350561CAREER: Karrikin and strigolactone signaling mechanisms in ArabidopsisKarrikins are a recently discovered class of compounds found in smoke that activate germination of many plant species after fire. Strigolactones comprise a family of plant hormones that regulate shoot branching, root architecture, and cambial growth. Strigolactones also trigger germination of the highly destructive parasitic weeds, broomrape and witchweed, and promote symbiotic associations with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which karrikins and strigolactones control plant growth may enable a new wave of innovation in crop development and weed control.Plants recognize both karrikins and strigolactones through a genetic pathway that requires the F-box protein MAX2. F-box proteins have central roles in several plant hormone signaling systems, and act by targeting specific protein substrates for degradation. The targets of MAX2 have long remained elusive and as such represent a critical roadblock to understanding the mechanism of karrikin and strigolactone signaling. A genetic screen has now led to the identification of a candidate target, SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), which regulates seed germination and seedling growth. SMAX1 is a member of an uncharacterized family of eight genes in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. In this project genetic and biochemical approaches will be used to determine 1) how other genes in the SMAX1 family contribute to plant development; 2) the molecular function and regulation of SMAX1 protein; and 3) the protein interacting partners of SMAX1 and MAX2. These experiments will reveal how the SMAX1 family acts in karrikin and strigolactone signaling and whether SMAX1 is a target of MAX2. A postdoctoral researcher,graduate student, and several undergraduates will be trained for careers in science-related fields. Two projects will be initiated to improve undergraduate retention in science-related careers and enhance K-12 STEM education. The discoveries from this project will be disseminated through publications in peer-reviewed journals and presentations at scientific conferences.

DAVID C NELSON 提案 IOS-1350561 职业：拟南芥中的 Karrikin 和独脚金内酯信号传导机制 Karrikins 是最近在烟雾中发现的一类化合物，可在火灾后激活许多植物物种的发芽。独脚金内酯包含一系列植物激素，可调节枝条分枝、根结构和形成层生长。独脚金内酯还能引发极具破坏性的寄生杂草、列日草和巫草的发芽，并促进与丛枝菌根真菌的共生关系。了解 karrikins 和独脚金内酯控制植物生长的分子机制可能会引发作物发育和杂草控制的新一波创新浪潮。植物通过需要 F-box 蛋白 MAX2 的遗传途径识别 karrikins 和独脚金内酯。 F-box 蛋白在多种植物激素信号系统中发挥核心作用，并通过靶向特定蛋白质底物进行降解来发挥作用。 MAX2 的靶点长期以来一直难以捉摸，因此是理解 karrikin 和独脚金内酯信号传导机制的关键障碍。目前，基因筛选已确定了一个候选靶标——SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1)，它调节种子发芽和幼苗生长。 SMAX1 是模式植物拟南芥中一个由八个基因组成的未表征家族的成员。在该项目中，遗传和生化方法将用于确定：1）SMAX1 家族中的其他基因如何促进植物发育； 2）SMAX1蛋白的分子功能及调控； 3) SMAX1 和 MAX2 的蛋白质相互作用伙伴。这些实验将揭示 SMAX1 家族如何在 karrikin 和独脚金内酯信号传导中发挥作用，以及 SMAX1 是否是 MAX2 的靶标。一名博士后研究员、研究生和几名本科生将接受科学相关领域职业的培训。将启动两个项目，以提高本科生在科学相关职业中的保留率，并加强 K-12 STEM 教育。该项目的发现将通过同行评审期刊上的出版物和科学会议上的演讲进行传播。