Collaborative Research: Turbulence and Wave Dynamics from the Mesosphere to the Lower Thermosphere above the Andes

合作研究：从安第斯山脉上方的中间层到低层热层的湍流和波动动力学

• 批准号: 1734553
• 负责人: Alan Liu
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1734553&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Turbulence; Wave; Dynamics

This award would support the continued operations of the Na wind-temperature lidar at Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) in Cerro Pachón, Chile (30.26S, 70.74W, elev. 2530 m) to study the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) dynamics and ion-neutral coupling processes. The lidar at ALO is a state-of-the-art Na resonance-fluorescence Doppler lidar, capable of measuring 3D wind, neutral temperature and Na density profiles at high vertical (500 m) and temporal (1 min) resolutions in the 80-105 km altitude range with high accuracy. Two key advancements of ALO lidar capabilities featuring the extension of lidar observing profile into the lower thermosphere, with wind and temperature measurements up to 140 km altitude, and the ability to detect turbulence scale perturbations in temperature and wind would enable investigations focused on scientific topics that are at the forefront of MLT science. The physical processes that define the dynamics, structure, and variability in the MLT also operate throughout the atmosphere and in all stratified and sheared geophysical fluids, e.g., oceans, lakes, other planetary atmospheres and stellar interiors. This project would provide opportunities for a postdoc researcher, graduate and undergraduate students to participate in the science, engineering and observations. The data acquired with the Na lidar at ALO will serve a broad community interested in research from the lower atmosphere to the upper thermosphere. Possible science goals that would be studied through the application of the measurements collected are: determination of turbulence fluxes and eddy diffusion coefficients of heat and momentum and the Prandtl number; investigation of the vertical transport of heat and energy caused by dissipating gravity waves at various scales,quantification of the interactions among gravity waves, tides, and planetary waves at different seasons;analysis and modeling of gravity wave evolution process through variable background atmosphere; and understanding the ion-neutral coupling processes underlying the formation of thermospheric Na layers.

该奖项将支持智利帕雄山安第斯山脉激光雷达天文台（ALO）（南纬 30.26，西经 70.74，海拔 2530 m）的 Na 风温激光雷达的持续运行，以研究中层和低热层（MLT）动力学和ALO 的激光雷达是最先进的 Na 共振荧光多普勒激光雷达，能够进行离子中性耦合过程。在 80-105 km 高度范围内以高垂直 (500 m) 和时间 (1 分钟) 分辨率高精度测量 3D 风、中性温度和 Na 密度剖面，ALO 激光雷达功能的两个关键进步是激光雷达观测剖面的扩展。进入低层热层，风和温度测量可达 140 公里高度，并且能够检测温度和风的湍流规模扰动，这将使研究重点放在 MLT 科学前沿的科学主题上。定义 MLT 的动力学、结构和变化的物理过程也在整个大气层和所有分层和剪切的地球物理流体中运行，例如海洋、湖泊、其他行星大气和恒星内部。该项目将为博士后提供机会。参与科学、工程和观测的研究员、研究生和本科生使用 ALO 的 Na 激光雷达获取的数据将为对从低层大气到高层热层的研究感兴趣的广泛社区提供服务。通过应用收集到的测量结果来研究的是：确定湍流通量和热量和动量的涡流扩散系数以及普朗特数，研究由不同尺度的耗散重力波引起的热量和能量的垂直传输，以及不同季节重力波、潮汐和行星波之间的相互作用；通过变化的背景大气对重力波演化过程进行分析和建模；并了解热层Na层形成的离子-中性耦合过程。