Doctoral Dissertation Research: Land Access, Agrarian Relations, and the State

博士论文研究：土地获取、土地关系和国家

• 批准号: 1657643
• 负责人: Marc Edelman
• 金额: $ 2.52万
• 依托单位: CUNY Graduate School University Center
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-05-15 至 2018-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657643&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Land; Access

The research funded by this award addresses the question of what happens to rural people when the state-owned lands where they traditionally had use rights are taken from them for agribusiness projects. The appropriation of state lands for commercial agriculture and the associated dispossession of rural occupants constitute a widespread phenomenon that goes back centuries. But social scientific research on "land grabs" in the more interconnected world of today is just beginning. The researcher asks, How are state and public lands defined and delimited today? Who can use them and for what purposes? How are local people responding? And what does all this tell us about the nature of contemporary forms of governance and citizenship? To answer these questions, the researcher has identified a region where these processes are active and can be examined as they develop. By investigating a case of political and cultural disputes over land closely, this research will provide a unique window into emergent state transformation and changing definitions of private and public in the contemporary world. The research will be undertaken by Julio Arias Vanegas, a City University of New York anthropology doctoral student who is supervised by Dr. Marc Edelman. The active site that Arias has identified for this project is the Altillanura region of post-conflict Colombia. Arias will conduct twelve months of fieldwork in different locations in Colombia, collecting data through multiple methods, including document analysis, oral history, interviews, and participant observation. He will focus on two dissimilar but interrelated cases: (a) the case of state property that was home to an important regional agricultural research center and over which various groups now claim rights; and (b) an emerging regionalist agrarian movement that has confronted state legislation over the designation of specific land holdings as baldíos (vacant public lands). The study of these cases will allow the researcher to examine: how conceptions of regional people, nature, and territory, as well as public and private properties, have changed through legal and scientific debates; how racial and regional identification and belonging are deployed; and how different land-holders and occupants challenge and reshape state projects through their own notions and forms of land tenure. In doing so, this study will shed light on the making of the relationship between state formation, property conflicts, and the production of frontier regions. The research will contribute to social scientific theory on the state, regionalism, and dispossession. Findings also will be relevant for policymakers interested in land distribution and its political and cultural consequences, particularly in transitional contexts.

该奖项资助的研究解决了当农村人口传统上拥有使用权的国有土地被用于农业企业项目时，他们会发生什么、国有土地被征用用于商业性农业以及相关的农村居民被剥夺的问题。但在当今这个更加互联的世界中，对“土地掠夺”的社会科学研究才刚刚开始，研究人员问，今天国家和公共土地是如何定义和界定的？什么目的？当地人的反应是什么？所有这些告诉我们当代治理和公民形式的本质是什么？为了回答这些问题，研究人员确定了这些过程活跃的区域，并可以通过调查案例来对其进行检查。这项研究密切关注土地问题上的政治和文化争端，将为了解当代世界中的新兴国家转型以及私人和公共定义的变化提供一个独特的窗口。这项研究将由纽约城市大学人类学博士朱利奥·阿里亚斯·瓦内加斯（Julio Arias Vanegas）进行。由Marc博士指导的学生爱德曼 (Edelman) 为该项目确定的活动地点是冲突后哥伦比亚的阿尔蒂拉努拉 (Altillanura) 地区，阿里亚斯将在哥伦比亚的不同地点进行为期 12 个月的实地考察，通过多种方法收集数据，包括文件分析、口述历史、访谈、他将重点关注两个不同但相互关联的案例：(a) 国家财产案例，该中心是一个重要的区域农业研究中心和参与者，目前各个团体都对其拥有权利；(b) 一个新兴的区域主义土地运动。所面临的关于将特定土地指定为baldíos（空置公共土地）的州立法对这些案例的研究将使研究人员能够研究：区域人民、自然和领土以及公共和私人财产的概念是如何变化的。通过法律和科学辩论；如何部署种族和地区认同和归属；以及不同的土地所有者和占有者如何通过自己的土地保有权概念和形式挑战和重塑国家项目。之间的关系的建立该研究将有助于发展关于国家、地区主义和剥夺的社会科学理论，研究结果也将与对土地分配及其政治和文化后果感兴趣的政策制定者相关。过渡背景。