CAREER: Drought Predictability and the Role of Land-Atmosphere Interactions in the U.S. Great Plains

职业：美国大平原的干旱可预测性和陆地-大气相互作用的作用

• 批准号: 1663108
• 负责人: Steven Quiring
• 金额: $ 2.95万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1663108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Drought; Predictability; Role; Land

Soil moisture is an important variable in the climate system. Relatively little work has been done to assemble and homogenize in situ measurements of soil moisture and to utilize these measurements for investigating land-atmosphere interactions. The research goal of this project is to understand how soil moisture influences climate on seasonal to interannual timescales in the U.S. Great Plains. This work will address four scientific questions: (1) How do land-atmosphere interactions, specifically those related to soil moisture, vary over space and time? (2) Are soil moisture and land-atmosphere interactions accurately simulated in global land surface models? (3) What are the processes through which soil moisture influences climate on seasonal to interannual time scales? (4) Why are there substantial spatial and temporal variations in the strength of land-atmosphere coupling?This study will develop a soil moisture database for the U.S. Great Plains using station-based observations. These data are important for developing climate forecasting tools, calibrating land surface models, and validating satellite-derived soil moisture algorithms. The Community Land Model (CLM) will be used to investigate land-atmosphere interactions, interannual to interdecadal variability and to identify the physical mechanisms that are responsible for spatial and temporal variations in the strength of land-atmosphere coupling. The scientific outcomes of this project will support the development of more accurate climate forecasts and is readily transferable to other mid-latitude regions. Broader impacts of this project include (1) disseminating the obtained results to stakeholders through National Drought Mitigation Center workshops and the federal government's drought portal (drought.gov), (2) teaching a Freshman Year Seminar (FYS) focused on drought science to 15 students/year, (3) establishing a Drought Science Learning Community to encourage integration of learning across courses and to involve students in one of the grand challenges facing society, (4) training and supporting three undergraduate students, and (5) involving actively a PhD student in all aspects of the research, including mentoring the undergraduate students.

土壤水分是气候系统中的重要变量。与原位测量土壤水分的组装和均质化的工作相对较少，并利用这些测量值来研究土地 - 大气相互作用。该项目的研究目的是了解土壤水分如何影响美国大平原的季节性到季节性的气候。这项工作将解决四个科学问题：（1）土地大气相互作用，特别是与土壤水分相关的相互作用，在时空和时间上有所不同？ （2）在全球陆地表面模型中是否准确模拟了土壤水分和土地喷气相互作用？ （3）在季节到年间尺度上，土壤水分影响气候的过程是什么？ （4）为什么土地 - 大气耦合的强度会存在很大的空间和时间变化？这项研究将使用基于车站的观察结果为美国大平原开发土壤水分数据库。这些数据对于开发气候预测工具，校准陆地表面模型以及验证卫星来源的土壤水分算法很重要。社区土地模型（CLM）将用于研究陆地大气相互作用，与年龄段变化的年际变化，并确定负责空间和时间变化的物理机制，以土地大气耦合的强度。该项目的科学结果将支持更准确的气候预测的发展，并容易转移到其他中纬度地区。 Broader impacts of this project include (1) disseminating the obtained results to stakeholders through National Drought Mitigation Center workshops and the federal government's drought portal (drought.gov), (2) teaching a Freshman Year Seminar (FYS) focused on drought science to 15 students/year, (3) establishing a Drought Science Learning Community to encourage integration of learning across courses and to involve students in one of the grand challenges facing society, （4）培训和支持三名本科生，以及（5）在研究的各个方面都涉及一名博士生，包括指导本科生。