Collaborative Research: Improving Process-Level Understanding of Surface-Atmosphere Interactions Leading to Convection Initiation in the Central United States

合作研究：提高对导致美国中部对流启动的地表大气相互作用的过程级理解

基本信息

批准号：
2032559
负责人：
Steven Quiring
金额：
$ 24.32万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-01-01 至 2024-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2032559&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Improving Process Level

项目摘要

Soil moisture is important for the climate system because it controls evaporation, transpiration, and energy movement from the land to the atmosphere. Through these mechanisms, soil moisture can influence the timing and intensity of precipitation at daily to seasonal timescales. However, there is a lack of scientific consensus on the sign, strength, and overall importance of soil moisture-precipitation feedbacks. This project will improve our understanding of the land and atmosphere processes that are important to convection initiation and precipitation during the warm season (May to September) in the central United States. The knowledge gained from this project will be used to improve the accuracy of simulations in operational weather and climate models. The project will provide undergraduate students, a graduate student, and postdoctoral researchers with training in research, science communication, and public outreach.This project will assess the nature and strength of soil moisture feedbacks on convective precipitation in the central United States using a coupled observation-modeling framework to examine the physical processes linking the soil and boundary layer atmosphere. The objectives of the project are to: (1) evaluate whether convection occurs preferentially over wet or dry soils in the central United States, (2) quantify the influence of soil moisture on convection and precipitation using process-based metrics and high quality land and atmosphere observations, and (3) evaluate the response of convection and precipitation to changes in soil moisture conditions using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model. This project will utilize soil moisture observations from the National Coordinated Soil Moisture Monitoring Network and hundreds of thousands of convection events identified by the ThOR algorithm. This combination of in situ observations and the immense sample size of convective events provides an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate soil moisture – precipitation feedbacks. The results of this study will lead to improvements in the parameterization schemes that are used in weather and climate models. This study focuses on a region that has the densest land-surface and boundary layer observations, but the process-based understanding of land-atmosphere interactions and their role in modulating the climate is readily transferable to other regions around the world.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

土壤水分对气候系统很重要，因为它可以控制从土地到大气的经济，翻译和能源运动。通过这些机制，土壤水分可以影响每天到季节性时间表时的降水时间和强度。但是，在土壤水分前反馈的标志，强度和总体重要性上缺乏科学共识。该项目将提高我们对在美国中部的温暖季节（5月至9月）期间对会议启动和降水至关重要的土地和气氛过程的理解。从该项目中获得的知识将用于提高在操作天气和气候模型中模拟的准确性。该项目将为本科生，研究生和博士后研究人员提供研究，科学沟通和公共外展方面的培训。本项目将评估美国中部对流降水的土壤水分反馈的性质和强度，使用耦合的观测观测模型模块化框架来检查与土壤和边界层相连的物理过程。该项目的目标是：（1）评估转化是否更优选地发生在美国中部的湿土或干燥土壤上，（2）使用基于过程的指标以及高质量的土地和大气观测来量化土壤水分对会议和降水的影响，以及（3）评估使用天气研究和proectrast（wrf）模型的会议和降水对土壤水分条件的响应的响应。该项目将利用来自国家协调的土壤水分监测网络以及Thor算法确定的数十万个连接事件的土壤水分观测。这种原位观测和对流事件的巨大样本量的结合为评估土壤水分的前所未有的机会 - 降水反馈。这项研究的结果将导致在天气和气候模型中使用的参数化方案的改善。这项研究的重点是一个具有最密集的土地表面和边界层观察的区域，但是对土地 - 大气相互作用的理解及其在调节气候调节气候中的作用很容易被转移到世界各地的其他地区。这项奖项反映了NSF的法规任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的范围来进行评估，并值得通过评估来进行评估。