NSFDEB-NERC: Warming's silver lining? Thermal compensation at multiple levels of organization may promote ecosystem stability in response to drought

NSFDEB-NERC：变暖的一线希望？

• 批准号: NE/Y00549X/1
• 负责人: Mark Ledger
• 金额: $ 31.94万
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FY00549X%2F1
• 关键词: NSFDEB; NERC; Warming; silver; lining

The goal of our proposed research is to understand how long-term warming of stream ecosystems influences their response (i.e., resistance and resilience) to increasing prevalence and intensity of hydrologic drought. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions from human activities are generating both a rise in global temperatures and an increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events. While shifts in these drivers are known to affect the structure and function of running waters separately, few studies have investigated their combined or interactive effects. The prevailing view is that warming and drought will combine to produce more extreme ecological consequences than would result from either stressor alone. Yet, emerging evidence suggests that warming may trigger 'compensatory' responses - both adaptive and ecological - that may have the potential to lessen the impacts of extreme drought. Our collaborative NSFDEB-NERC project will combine laboratory measurements (University of Iceland), stream mesocosm manipulations of temperature and drought (University of Birmingham, U.K.), and whole-reach drought manipulations (Hengill geothermal catchment, Iceland) to test the overarching hypothesis that long-warming enhances stream ecosystem stability (both resistance and resilience) in response to drought events. Our first objective is focused at the individual level, investigating whether physiological adaptations to warming influence invertebrate carbon use efficiencies and their role in drought resilience and recovery. Our second objective seeks to quantify resistance and resilience of entire invertebrate communities and their biomass production in response to drought across natural and experimental thermal gradients. Our final objective will explore the potential for ecosystem-level compensatory responses by examining how warming-induced shifts in nutrient supply and primary producers influence stability of ecosystem metabolism and nitrogen uptake in response to drought.

我们提出的研究的目的是了解溪流生态系统的长期变暖如何影响其反应（即抵抗和弹性），以增加水文干旱的患病率和强度。人类活动中的人为温室气体排放既正在引起全球温度的升高，又会增加极端气候事件的频率和强度。尽管已知这些驱动因素的转移会分别影响流水的结构和功能，但很少有研究研究了它们的合并或互动效应。普遍的观点是，变暖和干旱将结合起来，从而产生比仅任何压力源造成的极端生态后果。然而，新兴的证据表明，变暖可能会引发“补偿性”反应（无论是适应性还是生态学），这可能有可能减少极端干旱的影响。 Our collaborative NSFDEB-NERC project will combine laboratory measurements (University of Iceland), stream mesocosm manipulations of temperature and drought (University of Birmingham, U.K.), and whole-reach drought manipulations (Hengill geothermal catchment, Iceland) to test the overarching hypothesis that long-warming enhances stream ecosystem stability (both resistance and resilience) in response to drought events.我们的第一个目标集中在个人层面上，研究了对变暖的生理适应是否影响无脊椎动物的使用效率及其在干旱弹性和恢复中的作用。我们的第二个目标旨在量化整个无脊椎动物群落及其生物量生产的抵抗力和韧性，以应对自然和实验热梯度的干旱。我们的最终目标将通过研究养分供应的变暖诱导的转变和主要生产商如何影响生态系统代谢和氮摄取的稳定性来探讨生态系统级补偿反应的潜力。